Abstract: A pair of primers were designed and synthesized based on the DNA fragment coded erythrocyte binding antigen (EBA 175) of Plasmodium falciparum ( P.f .) and polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was performed to detect P.f. cultured in vitro .The amplified products were analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis and a specific 492 bp DNA band was showed in P.f. infected blood sample,but no band showed in P.vivax, P.cynomolgi , P.yoelii and P.berghei infected blood samples,nor in normal one.The parasite densities detected by this method could be as minimal as 10 parasites/20μl blood.The PCR technique showed high sensitivity and specificity.