Research progress on clinical trials of schistosomiasis vaccine candidates

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2022.04.015

Abstract

Abstract:

Schistosomiasis is a wide-spread parasitic zoonosis caused by Schistosoma, which seriously harms human health and affects socioeconomic development worldwide. Schistosomiasis vaccines have attracted much attention as they will contribute not only to reducing the over-reliance on praziquantel for the treatment of this disease but also to achieving the goal of disease control and elimination. There have been no schistosomiasis vaccines available until now; however, four schistosomiasis vaccine candidates, glutathione S-transferase, fatty acid binding protein, tetraspanin-2 and calpain, have entered human clinical trials. This paper reviewed the clinical research progress and challenges of the four schistosomiasis vaccine candidates to provide insights into developing vaccines for schistosomiasis and other helminthiases in China.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Vaccine, Antigen, Human clinical trial

CLC Number:

R532.21

CHEN Bing, ZHANG Guo-li, ZHANG Gao-hong. Research progress on clinical trials of schistosomiasis vaccine candidates[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2022, 40(4): 511-515.

Figures/Tables 1

References 29

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候选疫苗	抗原	虫种	临床试验阶段	临床（前）试验结果
rSh28GST/Alhydrogel	GST	埃及血吸虫	Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期完成	赤猴组织中虫卵减少50%,随尿液排除虫卵减少80%。Ⅲ期试验中,保护效果未达到预期水平。成人及儿童耐受性良好
Sm14/GLA-SE	FABP	曼氏血吸虫	Ⅰa、Ⅰb、Ⅱa、Ⅱb期完成	完成3次接种后,92%的受试者产生特异性抗体并可持续1年,同时诱导Th1和Th2型免疫应答。成人耐受性良好
Sm-TSP-2/Alhydrogel	TSP-2	曼氏血吸虫	Ⅰa、Ⅰb期完成,Ⅱ期开始	IgG抗体水平显著增长并与疫苗剂量、佐剂选择相关。成人耐受性良好
Sm-p80/GLA-SE	Calpain	曼氏血吸虫	Ⅰ期开始	狒狒免疫后,雌虫减虫率为93%,减卵率为90%,剩余虫卵孵化率降低80%。无IgE抗体应答