Research advances of multi-epitope vaccine candidates against toxoplasmosis

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2022.05.015

Abstract

Abstract:

Toxoplasma gondii infects almost all warm-blooded animals causing toxoplasmosis in humans and animals. Despite the significant progress in the recent efforts toward developing an effective vaccine against toxoplasmosis, no human vaccines are available to prevent this disease. However, vaccines based on a single or a few antigen candidates was only able to elicit partial protective immunity against T. gondii infection. Therefore, developing a polyvalent vaccine consisting of antigens from all stages of the parasite life cycle, including tachyzoites, bradyzoites, and sporozoites, is likely to be essential for sterile immunity. The combination of multi-epitopes from antigens of different stages of the parasite life cycle has become an promising strategy for building a potent, safe, and effective vaccine. Epitope-based vaccines have gained attention as novel vaccine candidates due to their ability of inducing protective immune responses. In this review, we have summarized the immunological basis, design, and construction strategy of epitope vaccines. We have reviewed the latest research advances of T. gondii epitope vaccines, and the application prospect of epitope vaccines as a new vaccine development and evaluation strategy.

Key words: Toxoplasmosis, B- and T-cell epitopes, Multi-epitope vaccine, Antigenic epitope

CLC Number:

R531.8

LI Run-hua, YIN Guo-rong. Research advances of multi-epitope vaccine candidates against toxoplasmosis[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2022, 40(5): 661-667.

Figures/Tables 2

References 61

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抗原基因	表位氨基酸序列	氨基酸数	文献
表面抗原1 SAG1	TCPDKKSTA	9	[7]
	KSFKDILPK	9	[14]
	LGPVKLSAEGPT	12	[54]
	TCPDKKSTA	9	[12]
	ILPKLTENPW	10
表面抗原2 SAG2	STFWPCLLR	9	[14]
顶端膜抗原1 AMA1	CAELCDPSNKPGHLL	15	[26]
致密颗粒1 GRA1	DTMKSMQRDED	11	[12]
致密颗粒2 GRA2	TAAKTHTVRGFKV	13	[54]
致密颗粒4 GRA4	SGLTGVKDS	9	[12]
致密颗粒5 GRA5	AVVSLLRLLK	10	[14]
致密颗粒6 GRA6	AMLTAFFLR	9	[14]
	HPGSVNEFDF	10	[56-57]
致密颗粒7 GRA7	SYFAADRLVP	10	[54]
棒状体蛋白2 ROP2	GDVVIEELFNRIPETS	16	[12]
棒状体颈部蛋白2 RON2	LTAGGPLPHGSWSWSGTPPEVQTTGGSQIS	30	[26]
棒状体颈部蛋白4 RON4	KEQFFQFLQHLSADYPKQVQTVYEFLGWVADK	32