Advances in molluscicides against major snail intermediate hosts of Angiostrongylus cantonensis

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2026.04.019

Abstract

Abstract:

Angiostrongyliasis is an emerging zoonosis. Its primary intermediate hosts, the apple snails (Pomacea) and giant African land snails (Achatina fulica), have significantly exacerbated the risk of disease transmission through their population expansion. Applying molluscicides to control these intermediate host populations is an effective strategy for interrupting disease transmission. This review systematically summarizes the research progress on molluscicides for controlling these two snail species. It provides a focused overview of the current research landscape, which features chemical molluscicides as the dominant approach, complemented by plant-derived and microbial molluscicides, alongside RNA-based molluscicides in the frontier exploratory stage and attractants employed for behavioral regulation. This review aims to serve as a valuable reference for the development of novel molluscicides and the integrated control of angiostrongyliasis.

Key words: Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Pomacea, Achatina fulica, Molluscicide, Attractant

CLC Number:

R533.1

WANG Weisi, CHEN Ying, SUN Yang, HUANG Shuijin, LUO Yanping, KE Shaoyong, DUAN Liping. Advances in molluscicides against major snail intermediate hosts of Angiostrongylus cantonensis[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2026, 44(4): 587-594.

Figures/Tables 3

References 60

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杀螺剂	杀螺活性^a	鱼毒性	主要作用靶点	参考文献
吡螺脲	48 h LC₅₀ = 0.39 mg/L	斑马鱼：96 h LC₅₀ = 11.96 mg/L	6-磷酸果糖激酶	[5,7]
氟吡啶苯基脲类	LC₅₀ = 1.0 mg/L	鲤鱼和草鱼：10 mg/L，72 h死亡率0	6-磷酸果糖激酶	[13]
二苯基脲类	5 mg/L，螺死亡率100%	鲤鱼苗：20 mg/L，72 h死亡率16.7%	6-磷酸果糖激酶	[14]
甲苯达唑	LC₅₀ = 0.307 mg/L	斑马鱼：96 h LC₅₀ = 5.398 mg/L	β-微管蛋白	[15]
丁醚脲	LC₅₀ = 0.13 mg/L	斑马鱼：96 h LC₅₀ = 0.19 mg/L	ATP合成酶	[16-17]
溴虫腈	LC₅₀ = 0.04 mg/L	斑马鱼：96 h LC₅₀ = 0.015 mg/L	线粒体氧化磷酸化解偶联	[16,18]
巴氯芬	LC₅₀ = 16.2 mg/L	/	小根蛋白	[19]
硫代烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸	LC₅₀ = 57.7 mg/L	/	神经Wiskott-Aldrich综合征蛋白异构体X1	[20]

植物种属	杀螺活性成分	靶标螺类	杀螺活性^a	主要作用靶点	参考文献
苦葛	苦葛皂苷A	小管福寿螺	LC₅₀ = 3.89 mg/L	Advillin	[22,24]
槟榔	槟榔碱	小管福寿螺	LC₅₀ = 1.05 mg/L	小根蛋白	[25]
雷公藤	雷公藤甲素	小管福寿螺	LC₅₀ = 0.09 mg/L	β-微管蛋白	[26]
大叶紫珠	(E)-β-石竹烯	小管福寿螺	24 h LC₅₀ = 16.67 mg/L	尚待研究	[27]
大叶紫珠	β-蒎烯	小管福寿螺	24 h LC₅₀ = 6.91 mg/L	尚待研究	[27]
豚草	Psilostachyin	小管福寿螺	24 h LC₅₀ = 15.9 mg/L	尚待研究	[28]
豚草	Psilostachyin B	小管福寿螺	24 h LC₅₀ = 27.0 mg/L	尚待研究	[28]
木荷	Maetenoside B	小管福寿螺	20 mg/L，螺死亡率100%	尚待研究	[29]
木荷	油茶皂苷Ⅲ	小管福寿螺	20 mg/L，螺死亡率100%	尚待研究	[29]
补骨脂	补骨脂甲素	小管福寿螺	LC₅₀ = 30.91 mg/L	尚待研究	[30]
唇形科植物	百里酚	褐云玛瑙螺	成螺：24 h LC₅₀ = 3 000 mg/L	尚待研究	[34]
唇形科植物	百里酚	褐云玛瑙螺	幼螺：24 h LC₅₀ = 50 mg/L	尚待研究	[34]

防控策略	杀螺效率	起效速度	非靶标生物安全性	环境风险	生产成本	适用场景
化学杀螺剂	★★★★☆ 高（LC₅₀多在0.01^-1 mg/L级）	★★★★☆ 快（几小时至数天）	★★☆☆☆ 传统品种高风险，新型产品显著降低	★★★☆☆ 较高，传统品种残留高，新型产品逐步改善	★★★☆☆ 中等，规模化生产成熟	暴发期应急响应种群压制、大面积农田/水域
植物源杀螺剂	★★★☆☆ 中等至高	★★★☆☆ 中等（数天）	★★★☆☆ 总体中等，部分对鱼类有毒	★★☆☆☆ 较低，易降解，残留低	★★★☆☆ 总体中等，植物提取物原料易得、成本可控，活性单体提取/合成成本较高	生态敏感区、日常防控、有机农业
微生物源杀螺剂	★★★☆☆ 中等（对幼螺/卵效果好）	★☆☆☆☆ 慢（数天至数周）	★★★★☆ 特异性较强，引入风险需评估	★☆☆☆☆ 低，自然归趋	★★★★☆ 较高（生产、储存、施用要求高）	长期治理、配合其他措施
RNA杀螺剂	★★★★☆ 潜力高	★★★☆☆ 中等（需基因沉默时间）	★★★★★ 极低，高序列特异性对非靶标影响较小	★☆☆☆☆ 低，dsRNA自然降解，纳米载体包裹后有可能延长半衰期	★★★★★ 高（规模化合成待突破）	精准防控、局部施药、抗药性治理
引诱剂	★☆☆☆☆ 不直接杀灭，依赖配套措施	★★★★★ 极快（几分钟至几小时）	★★★☆☆ 食物引诱剂特异性较低，性引诱剂专一	★☆☆☆☆ 低，生物相容性高	★★☆☆☆ 总体较低，食物引诱剂来源广泛，性引诱剂结构复杂但用量较低	监测、诱杀、交配干扰、集中处理