Abstract: This paper reports the sampling survey of Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in 16 counties/cities as well as data review comprising 32 counties/cities. The results suggested the occurrence of natural nidus and/or infection of residents in 48 counties/cities and districts. Intradermal (ID) test in 2 800 persons from 16 counties/cities and districts showed a positive rate of 9.0%, the majority revealing weak reaction. Of the 242 positively reacted indivi duals, 169 were also positive for ELISA (coincidence rate 69.8%). Crab consuming habit was common in people of the study counties/cities, especially in juveniles. Most of the ID test and/or ELISA positive individuals were asymptomatic. A total of 1 312 crabs caught from 16 counties/cities were dissected, consequently, 341 (26%) were found to harbour metacerca riae. Potamon fukienensis was the major second intermediate host, and Paragonimus westermani being the predominant pathogen.