Abstract:

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Fushun City so as to provide scientific basis for the development of prevention and control strategies and measures, the data of imported malaria cases in Fushun were collected from 2009 to 2018, the epidemiological information including the source of infection, the distribution of cases in different regions, gender, age, occupations and seasons, diagnosis and transmission vector was analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software. The results showed that total 33 cases of imported malaria were reported in Fushun from 2009-2018. All of them were laboratory confirmed cases including 29 cases of falciparum malaria(87.9%), 2 cases of vivax malaria(6.1%), and 2 undetermined malaria(6.1%). All cases were imported from overseas, 31 cases of them(93.9%) were from Africa, mainly from Angola(12 cases). Two cases (6.1%) were imported from Asia, in particular 1 case from Pakistan and another one from Malaysia. The imported malaria cases have been identified in 7 counties or districts of Fushun City except for Fushun County. Xinbin County owned the highest number of the cases(14 cases). More male patients(87.9%, 29/33) than females(12.1%, 4/33) have been identified with significant difference(P < 0.05). The youngest age is 24 years old, the oldest age is 58 years old. Most of the cases happened within the age between 40 to 49(45.5%, 15/33). Among the occupational distribution, most of the cases were farmers(36.4%, 12/33). There was no significant seasonal distribution for the case onset including 8 cases in spring, summer and autumn(each 24.2%), and 9 cases in winter(27.3%). The rate of correct diagnosis at the first medication at county, city and provincial level facilities was 1/6, 12/14 and 13/13, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The longest time from disease onset to the first seeking medication was 51 days, the shortest was 1 day and the median time was 5 days. The time from the first medication to the confirmed diagnosis varied from 1 day to 31 days with median time of 2 days. The time from the disease onset to the confirmed diagnosis varied from 1-57 days with the median time of 8 days. There was no malaria vector mosquito Anopheles sinnensis found in Fushun City urban area, but found in suburban counties, mainly distributing in livestock sheds. The density of An. sinnensiswas significantly different from residential areas to parks, hospitals and farmer houses (P < 0.01). The imported malaria is still a public health problem in Fushun City. The malaria diagnostic rate in county health medical institutions was low and more training for malaria diagnosis and treatment is needed.

Key words: Imported malaria, Fushun, Epidemic situation analysis, Anopheles sinensis