Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of imported quartan malaria in Henan Province from 2011 to 2021

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2022.06.018

Abstract

Abstract:

The epidemiological data and information on imported quartan malaria cases in Henan Province from 2011 to 2021 were collected through the Chinese Information System for Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention and the Parasitic Diseases Information Reporting Management System (PDIRMS) of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods. A total of 60 imported quartan malaria cases were reported in Henan Province from 2011 to 2021, of which 96.7% (58/60) were males, and 3.3% (2/60) were female. Seventy-eight cases (80.0%) were found in the 24-47 age groups. Most of the cases were farmers (53.3%). All imported cases returned from 17 African countries. The imported cases from West Africa, Central Africa, South Africa and North Africa accounted for 41.7% (25/60), 26.7% (16/60), 30.0% (18/60) and 1.7% (1/60), respectively. The countries where most imported cases returned from are Angola (25.0%, 15/60), Congo (DRC) (13.3%, 8/60), Guinea (10.0%, 6/60), Nigeria (10.0%, 6/60) and Ghana (8.3%, 5/60). The proportion of the quartan malaria cases reported in 2021 to the total number of imported malaria cases in that year was the highest (13.3%, 4/30). The 60 imported quartan malaria cases were distributed in 12 cities and 1 provincial-controlled division. The number of reported cases from Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Puyang, Xuchang and Jiaozuo, accounted for 73.3% (44/60) of the total reported cases in the province. A total of 63.3% (38/60) and 11.7% (7/60) of the imported quartan malaria cases were diagnosed by prefecture (city) level medical units and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), respectively, and 1.7% (1/60) cases were diagnosed by township (town) hospitals. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of malaria cases diagnosed by diagnostic institutions at all levels (χ² = 96.042， P < 0.05). The median time interval between the onset and the diagnosis was 10.5 days, the shortest was 0 days, and the longest was 142 days. The time interval from onset to diagnosis was ≤ 7 days in 38 cases (63.3%, 38/60) (23 cases ≤ 3 days, 15 cases 4-7 days), and 22 cases (36.7%, 22/60) > 7 days. It is suggested that the surveillance of imported quartan malaria should be strengthened, and the diagnostic ability should be improved to consolidate the elimination achievements in the post-elimination stage in Henan Province.

Key words: Imported malaria, Quartan malaria, Characteristics of prevalence, Henan province

CLC Number:

R531.3

JI Peng-hui, JIANG Tian-tian, HE Zhi-quan, ZHOU Rui-min, LI Su-hua, YANG Cheng-yun, QIAN Dan, LIU Ying, WANG Hao, ZHANG Hong-wei. Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of imported quartan malaria in Henan Province from 2011 to 2021[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2022, 40(6): 801-805.

Figures/Tables 3

References 23

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国家	病例数/例	构成比/%
西非
尼日利亚	6	10.0
加纳	5	8.3
几内亚	6	10.0
科特迪瓦	2	3.3
塞拉利昂	1	1.7
利比里亚	2	3.3
贝宁	3	5.0
中非
刚果（金）	8	13.3
赤道几内亚	3	5.0
刚果（布）	1	1.7
喀麦隆	3	5.0
中非共和国	1	1.7
南非
安哥拉	15	25.0
赞比亚	1	1.7
莫桑比克	1	1.7
津巴布韦	1	1.7
北非
苏丹	1	1.7
合计	60	100

年份	输入性疟疾病例总数/例	输入性三日疟病例数/例	构成比/%
2011	146	3	2.1
2012	156	7	4.5
2013	197	3	1.5
2014	216	6	2.8
2015	184	7	3.8
2016	198	9	4.5
2017	169	4	2.4
2018	174	4	2.3
2019	228	7	3.1
2020	75	6	8.0
2021	30	4	13.3
合计	1 773	60	3.4

年份	病例数/例				3 d确诊率/%	7 d内确诊率/%
年份	3 d	4~7 d	> 7 d	最长时间间隔/d	3 d确诊率/%	7 d内确诊率/%
2011	1	0	2	102	1/3	1/3
2012	2	1	4	45	2/7	3/7
2013	1	1	1	18	1/3	2/3
2014	4	2	0	7	4/6	4/6
2015	1	1	5	142	1/7	2/7
2016	4	2	3	58	4/9	6/9
2017	1	2	1	11	1/4	3/4
2018	2	1	1	9	2/4	3/4
2019	5	1	1	12	5/7	6/7
2020	2	2	2	115	2/6	4/6
2021	0	2	2	13	0/4	2/4
合计	23	15	22	142	38.3	63.3