Epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Henan Province in 2019

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2021.01.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Henan Province in 2019, in order to provide a basis for formulating effective strategies and measures for surveillance after malaria elimination in Henan Province. Methods Data of malaria cases in Henan Province in 2019 were collected. The epidemiological information of malaria was analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 228 cases of malaria were reported in 2019, including 176 cases (77.2%) of falciparum malaria, 12 cases of vivax malaria, 33 cases of oval malaria and 7 cases of quartan malaria; having 222 male(97.4%) and 6 female cases. The majority of the cases was aged between 30 to 59 years (82.9%, 189/228) and were migrant workers (78.9%, 180/228). All of the malaria cases were imported cases and 96.1% (219/228) of them were from Africa. The top five cities having highest reports of cases were Zhengzhou (77 cases), Luoyang (22), Puyang (20), Anyang (19) and Xuchang cities (15), which accounted for 67.1% of total cases in Henan Province. The cases were reported throughout the year, particularly higher in January and December. The average time from onset to first visit to a doctor was 1.6 d and 202 (88.6%) cases went to visit a doctor within 3 days after onset. The average time from the first visit to confirmed diagnosis was 1.7 d, and 188 (82.5%) cases were diagnosed as malaria within 3 days. All of the cases (100%) were reported within 24 h, of them, 225 cases (98.7%) were underwent epidemiological investigation within 3 days, while 213 (93.4%) epidemic sites were surveyed within 7 days. Conclusion All the cases reported from Henan Province in 2019 were imported from abroad. It is suggested that the local health sections should strengthen the surveillance of imported cases from abroad to prevent the occurrence of secondary cases.

Key words: Malaria, Epidemiological characteristics, Henan Province

CLC Number:

R531.3

YANG Cheng-yun, QIAN Dan, LU De-ling, LIU Ying, ZHOU Rui-min, LI Su-hua, GUAN Zhou, ZHAO Yu-ling, ZHANG Hong-wei, ZHAO Dong-yang, GUO Wan-shen. Epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Henan Province in 2019[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2021, 39(1): 43-48.

Figures/Tables 2

Table 1

Table 2

References 15

[1]	Zhang HW, Su YP, Xu BL. A review of malaria control and research in Henan Province of China[J]. J Pathog Biol, 2006,1(1):64-66. (in Chinese)
	( 张红卫, 苏云普, 许汴利. 河南省疟疾防治研究回顾[J]. 中国病原生物学杂志, 2006,1(1):64-66.)
[2]	National Health and Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China. WS 259-2015 Diagnosis of Malaria[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2016. ( in Chinese)
	( 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会. WS 259-2015疟疾的诊断[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016.)
[3]	Shang LY. Epidemic and control of malaria in Henan[M]. Zhengzhou: Zhongyuan Publishing & Media Group, 2011: 23-84.(in Chinese)
	( 尚乐园. 河南疟疾的流行与控制[M]. 郑州: 中原出版传媒集团, 2011: 23-84.)
[4]	Liu Y, Zhou RM, Qian D, et al. Analysis of malaria epidemiological characteristics in Henan Province from 2005 to 2013[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2014,32(6):419-422. (in Chinese)
	( 刘颖, 周瑞敏, 钱丹, 等. 河南省2005—2013年疟疾流行特征分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2014,32(6):419-422.)
[5]	Yang CY, Qian D, Lu DL, et al. Epidemiological analysis of malaria in Henan Province during 2016—2018[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2019,37(5):619-622. (in Chinese)
	( 杨成运, 钱丹, 鲁德领, 等. 2016—2018年河南省疟疾疫情分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2019,37(5):619-622.)
[6]	Yang CY, Qian D, Lu DL, et al. Epidemic status of malaria and progress of malaria elimination in Henan Province, 2018[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2020,32(3):298-300. (in Chinese)
	( 杨成运, 钱丹, 鲁德领, 等. 2018年河南省疟疾疫情及消除疟疾进展[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2020,32(3):298-300.)
[7]	Feng J, Zhang L, Zhang SS, et al. Malaria epidemiological characteristics in China, 2005—2015[J]. China Trop Med, 2017,17(4):325-335. (in Chinese)
	( 丰俊, 张丽, 张少森, 等. 全国2005—2015年疟疾疫情分析[J]. 中国热带医学, 2017,17(4):325-335.)
[8]	Kong XL, Xu Y, Cheng P, et al. Epidemiological analysis of malaria in Shandong Province in 2017[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2018,30(5):527-531. (in Chinese)
	( 孔祥礼, 许艳, 程鹏, 等. 2017年山东省疟疾疫情分析[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2018,30(5):527-531.)
[9]	Liu XY, Ren WF, Xu CH, et al. Epidemiological analysis of malaria cases in Guangzhou, 2011—2017[J]. Chin Trop Med, 2018,18(4):379-382. (in Chinese)
	( 刘翔翊, 任文锋, 许聪辉, 等. 广州市2011—2017年报告疟疾病例流行病学分析[J]. 中国热带医学, 2018,18(4):379-382.)
[10]	Xie YH, Ma CS, Zeng W, et al. The epidemiology of imported malaria in Hainan, 2011—2016[J]. Chin Trop Med, 2018,18(3):252-255. (in Chinese)
	( 谢永慧, 马传仕, 曾文, 等. 海南省2011—2016年输入性疟疾流行病学特征[J]. 中国热带医学, 2018,18(3):252-255.)
[11]	Zhang Q, Geng QB, Sun JL, et al. Epidemiological analysis of the deaths of malaria in China, 2005—2014[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2016,50(4):302-305. (in Chinese)
	( 张倩, 耿启彬, 孙军玲, 等. 2005—2014年中国疟疾死亡病例流行特征分析[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2016,50(4):302-305.)
[12]	Song YG, Ji AP, Wang F, et al. Epidemiological and clinical features of imported malaria cases in Beijing[J]. Chin Trop Med, 2013,13(2):198-200, 203. (in Chinese)
	( 宋营改, 纪爱萍, 王非, 等. 北京地区境外输入性疟疾临床表现及流行病学调查[J]. 中国热带医学, 2013,13(2):198-200, 203.)
[13]	Lu LD, An D, Xu JJ, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Guizhou Province during 2005—2016[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2018,36(4):392-398. (in Chinese)
	( 卢丽丹, 安冬, 徐建军, 等. 2005—2016年贵州省疟疾流行病学特征分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2018,36(4):392-398.)
[14]	Peng Z, Tan KK, Wang LY, et al. Epidemic situation of imported malaria in Chengdu City from 2012 to 2016[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2017,29(4):502-504. (in Chinese)
	( 彭中, 谭开科, 汪乐媛, 等. 2012—2016年成都市输入性疟疾疫情分析[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2017,29(4):502-504.)
[15]	Cao J, Sturrock HJ, Cotter C, et al. Communicating and monitoring surveillance and response activities for malaria elimination: China’s “1-3-7” strategy[J]. PLoS Med, 2014,11(5):e1001642. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001642 pmid: 24824170

特征 Feature	病例数 No. cases	占比/% Percentage/%	恶性疟 Falciparum malaria	间日疟 Vivax malaria	卵形疟 Oval malaria	三日疟 Quartan malariae
性别Gender
男Male	222	97.4	170	12	33	7
女Female	6	2.6	6	0	0	0
年龄组Age groups
< 20	1	0.4	0	1	0	0
20~29	33	14.5	28	1	2	2
30~39	76	33.3	53	5	15	3
40~49	75	32.9	62	3	8	2
50~59	38	16.7	30	2	6	0
≥ 60	5	2.2	3	0	2	0
职业Occupation
干部职员Office staff	10	4.5	9	0	0	1
务工人员Laborer	180	78.9	140	9	27	4
交通运输人员 Transportation personal	1	0.4	0	1	0	0
商业服务 Business services	6	2.7	5	0	1	0
家务待业、离退休人员 Housework, retiree	27	11.8	21	0	5	1
学生 Student	1	0.4	0	1	0	0
其他 Others	3	1.3	1	1	0	1

感染来源地 Infection source region	病例数 No. cases	恶性疟 Falciparum malaria	间日疟 Vivax malaria	卵形疟 Oval malaria	三日疟 Quartan malariae
非洲Africa	219	176	4	33	6
东非East Africa	21	15	4	2	0
乌干达Uganda	11	9	0	2	0
埃塞俄比亚Ethiopia	5	1	4	0	0
坦桑尼亚Tanzania	2	2	0	0	0
卢旺达 Rwanda	2	2	0	0	0
肯尼亚Kenya	1	1	0	0	0
西非Weast Africa	111	90	0	19	2
尼日利亚Nigeria	38	31	0	6	1
几内亚Guinea	26	19	0	6	1
科特迪瓦Coate d' Ivoire	18	16	0	2	0
加纳Ghana	9	7	0	2	0
贝宁Benin	8	8	0	0	0
塞拉利昂Sierra Leone	6	4	0	2	0
马里Mali	2	2	0	0	0
塞内加尔Senegal	2	1	0	1	0
利比里亚Liberia	1	1	0	0	0
多哥Togo	1	1	0	0	0
南非 South Africa	23	18	0	4	1
安哥拉Angola	11	7	0	3	1
赞比亚Zambia	9	9	0	0	0
莫桑比克Mozambique	2	1	0	1	0
马达加斯加Madagascar	1	1	0	0	0
北非 North Africa	2	2	0	0	0
苏丹Sudan	2	2	0	0	0
中非 Central Africa	62	51	0	8	3
刚果（金） Democratic Republic of the Congo	33	28	0	3	2
喀麦隆Cameroon	9	7	0	1	1
乍得 Chad	8	5	0	3	0
刚果（布） The Republic of Congo	5	4	0	1	0
加蓬Gabon	4	4	0	0	0
中非Central African Republic	2	2	0	0	0
赤道几内亚Equatorial Guinea	1	1	0	0	0
东南亚Southeast asia	9	0	8	0	1
巴基斯坦Pakistan	5	0	5	0	0
越南Vietnam	3	0	2	0	1
老挝Laos	1	0	1	0	0
合计Total	228	176	12	33	7