The protective effect of niclosamide in situ sustained-release injection against Schistosoma japonicum infection in mice and buffaloes

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To observe the protective effect of niclosamide in situ sustained-release injection against Schistosoma japonicum infection in mice and buffaloes. Methods Fifty female mice were randomly divided into 2 groups. One group received a subcutaneous low-concentration niclosamide in situ sustained-release injection (71 mg/ml) at a single dose of 450 mg/kg (drug group, n = 25), while the other group did not receive any treatment (control group, n = 25). Each group was further divided into 5 subgroups, in which five mice were infected with 80 ± 4 Schistosoma japonicum cercariae on days 1, 15, 43, 57 and 71 after the treatment, and were sacrificed after 35 days to obtain adult worms and calculate the worm reduction rate. In the field trial, 10 buffaloes uninfected with Schistosoma japonicum were also divided into the drug group (n = 4) and the control group (n = 6). Buffaloes in the drug group were each given with a high concentration of niclosamide in situ sustained-release injection (222 mg/ml) at a single dose of 30 mg/kg, while those in the control did not receive any treatment. After 1 and 3 months, fecal examination was performed to detect Schistosoma japonicum infection in buffaloes. The positive rate was calculated and adverse reactions were observed. Between-group comparisons were made with t test by using the SPSS19.0 software. Results In mice infected with cercariae on days 1, 15, 43, 57 and 71 after drug treatment, the mean worm burden at 35 days after the infection was (3.6 ± 1.4), (17.5 ± 8.6), (10.0 ± 6.8), 0, and (11.3 ± 8.4) worms, respectively. All were significantly lower than that of the control(P < 0.05), and the worm reduction rates in drug group were all over 50.0%. Two and 3 infected buffaloes showed positive fecal examination at 1 and 3 months, respectively, while none in the drug group showed positive at both time points. One buffalo showed signs of depression at 8 h after treatment. Conclusion The niclosamide in situ sustained-release injection can protect mice against Schistosoma japonicum infection for 2 months and protect buffaloes for 3 months in the field, revealing a promising formulation to prevent schistosome infection.

Key words: Niclosamide, In situ, Sustained-release, Schistosoma japonicum, Infection

CLC Number:

R383.24

Bin JIANG, Hao-bing ZHANG, Jian XUE, Yi TAO, Tie-wu JIA, Meng YIN, Le-le HUO, Ni LIU, Xiao-nong ZHOU. The protective effect of niclosamide in situ sustained-release injection against Schistosoma japonicum infection in mice and buffaloes[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2017, 35(3): 235-238.

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References 29

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给药后天数/d Time/d	对照组虫荷 Worm burden in control group			给药组虫荷Worm burden in drug group			减虫率/% Worm reduction rate/%
给药后天数/d Time/d	雌虫Female	雄虫 Male	合计Total	雌虫Female	雄虫 Male	合计Total	雌虫Female	雄虫 Male	合计 Total
1	24.6 ± 6.6	54.0 ± 13.6	78.6 ± 18.7	1.4 ± 0.8^b	2.2 ± 0.7^b	3.6 ± 1.4^b	94.3	95.9	95.4
15	18.0 ± 3.7	21.8 ± 3.1	39.8 ± 6.5	7.3 ± 2.8^b	10.3 ± 5.9^a	17.5 ± 8.6^a	59.7	52.9	56.0
43	15.0 ± 0.8	16.0 ± 1.6	31.0 ± 2.4	4.5 ± 3.0^b	5.5 ± 3.8^a	10.0 ± 6.8^b	70.0	65.6	67.7
57	16.8 ± 3.5	20.3 ± 5.6	37.0 ± 8.9	0^b	0^b	0 ^b	100	100	100
71	12.0 ± 0.8	18.0 ± 0.8	30.0 ± 0.8	5.3 ± 4.1	6.0 ± 4.3^a	11.3 ± 8.4^a	55.6	66.7	62.2