Abstract: 　Objective To determine the impact of a project of building dike for storing water on schistosomiasis transmission in Junshan Lake. Methods Junshan Lake in Jinxian County of Jiangxi Province was selected as survey pilot. Data on snail distribution and historical prevalence of schistosomiasis before building dike were collected. The water level inside and outside of the dike was recorded from 1995 to 2002, and the relationship between the water level and snail population at the inside of the dike was analyzed. Survey was made in a natural endemic village to confirm the current endemicity of schistosomiasis. Results In the selected area of Junshan lake, schistosomiasis was prevalent in 6 villages of 3 townships, with a snail area of 1 394 030 m² (2 090 Chinese Mu). Snails distributed mainly in the marshland at an elevation of 16.6-17.2 m, and the average infection rate of schistosomiasis in the residents was 12.5% in 1958 before the dike project. In 1960, two years after the dike was built, no living snails were found on the marshland, and the infection rate of schistosomiasis in the residents reduced remarkably. Curently, no schistosomiasis cases were found in human being and cattle in the surveyed village. Conclusion The reservoir project had helped the elimination of snails and interrupted schistosomiasis transmission.

Key words: reservoir, impact, schistosomiasis, transmission