The endemic status of echinococcosis in China from 2004 to 2020

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2022.04.009

CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 475-480.doi: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2022.04.009

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The endemic status of echinococcosis in China from 2004 to 2020

HAN Shuai¹(), KUI Yan¹, XUE Cui-zhao¹, ZHANG Ya-lan², ZHANG Ben-guang³, LI Qi-yang⁴, WANG Ting⁵, DAI Yang⁶, YUAN Yi⁷, TAO Wei⁸, ZHU Ai-ya⁹, LI Zheng-xiang¹⁰, WANG Zi-jiang¹¹, TANG Lei¹², WU Wen-ting¹³, XIE Han-guo¹⁴, YAO Li-nong¹⁵, YANG Yi-chao¹⁶, WU Wei-ping¹^,^*()

1. National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
2. Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
3. Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jining 272033, China
4. Anhui Provincial Institute of Parasitic Disease, Hefei 230000, China
5. Shanxi Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan 030000, China
6. Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Wuxi 214064, China
7. Chongqing Municipality Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400000, China
8. Henbei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
9. Guizhou Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550000, China
10. Hunan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410000, China
11. Liaoning Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang 110000, China
12. Heilongjiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haerbin 150000, China
13. Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100000, China
14. Fujian Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350000, China
15. Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310000, China
16. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530000, China

Received:2021-04-06 Revised:2021-04-27 Online:2022-08-30 Published:2022-09-07
Contact: WU Wei-ping E-mail:hanshuai@nipd.chinacdc.cn;wuwp@nipd.chinacdc.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the endemic situation and epidemiological characteristics of echinococcosis in China, and provide a scientific basis for optimizing control strategy. Methods From the Infectious Diseases Report System of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, information of nationwide echinococcosis cases reported in 2004 to 2020 were collected, and descriptively analyzed on time distribution, the regional distribution, and demographic distribution, using Microsoft Office 2016 software. Results From 2004 to 2020, a total of 66 040 cases of echinococcosis were reported in 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), among which 65 340 cases were reported in nine endemic provinces (Xinjiang, Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and Yunnan) and 700 cases were reported in 22 non-endemic provinces, accounting for 98.9% and 1.1% of the total, respectively. Among the nationwide total, 31 494 male cases and 34 546 female cases were recorded. The toal number of reported cases of echinococcosis was on the increase from 991 in 2004 to 3 650 on 2020, showing an increasing trend (z = 2.27, P < 0.05). The number of reported cases of echinococcosis from non-endemic provinces in 2004 was 17 cases, which increased to 56 in 2020, showing an increasing trend (z = 4.1675, P < 0.05). The age distribution indicated that majority (91.3%) of cases were at the age goup of ≥ 20, whereas 11 cases were at the age group of under one year old, and 200 cases were at 85 years old or older. The occupation distribution demonstrated that herdsmen and farmers accounted for 72.8% (48 074/66 040) of the total, housework and unemployed 5.5% for (3 606/66 040); and students for 4.6% (3 034/66 040). A total of 56 cases were reported in non-epidemic areas in 2020, including 38 imported cases. Henan reported the most cases with 16, Xinjiang imported 24 cases, and 10 provinces had suspected local cases. Conclusion The endemicity of echinococcosis in nine west provinces remains high. The number of reported cases showed increasing trend. Herdsmen, farmerd, youth and middle age are the population with high prevalence.

Key words: Echinococcosis, Endemic situation, Endemic areas, Non-endemic areas

CLC Number:

R532.32

HAN Shuai, KUI Yan, XUE Cui-zhao, ZHANG Ya-lan, ZHANG Ben-guang, LI Qi-yang, WANG Ting, DAI Yang, YUAN Yi, TAO Wei, ZHU Ai-ya, LI Zheng-xiang, WANG Zi-jiang, TANG Lei, WU Wen-ting, XIE Han-guo, YAO Li-nong, YANG Yi-chao, WU Wei-ping. The endemic status of echinococcosis in China from 2004 to 2020[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2022, 40(4): 475-480.

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

Table 3

Fig. 2

References 21

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省（市/自治区） Province(City/Autonomous region)	累计病例数 Cumulative case	构成比/% Proportion/%
流行区Endemic area
新疆Xinjiang	22 736	34.8
四川Sichuan	18 154	27.8
青海Qinghai	10 532	16.1
甘肃Gansu	5 998	9.2
宁夏Ningxia	4 838	7.4
西藏Tibet	1 474	2.3
内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	1 260	1.9
陕西Shaanxi	216	0.3
云南Yunnan	132	0.2
小计Total	65 340	100
非流行区 Non-endemic area
河南Henan	170	24.3
江苏Jiangsu	62	8.9
山东Shandong	58	8.3
山西Shanxi	49	7.0
河北Hebei	41	5.9
北京Beijing	39	5.6
黑龙江Heilongjiang	39	5.6
安徽Anhui	38	5.4
重庆Chongqing	37	5.3
湖南Hunan	21	3.0
广东Guangdong	21	3.0
浙江Zhejiang	20	2.9
贵州Guizhou	20	2.9
湖北Hubei	19	2.7
辽宁Liaoning	13	1.9
上海Shanghai	13	1.9
福建Fujian	13	1.9
吉林Jilin	11	1.6
广西Guangxi	7	1.0
江西Jiangxi	4	0.6
海南Hainan	3	0.4
天津Tianjin	2	0.3
小计Total	700	100

年龄组Age	男性Male		女性Female		合计Total
年龄组Age	例数 No. of cases	百分比 /% Proportion/%	例数 No. of cases	百分比 /% Proportion/%	例数 No. of cases	百分比 /% Proportion/%
0~9	979	3.1	785	2.3	1 764	2.7
10~19	2 069	6.6	1 936	5.6	4 005	6.1
20~29	4 071	12.9	4 661	13.5	8 732	13.2
30~39	6 668	21.2	7 359	21.3	14 027	21.2
40~49	6 755	21.4	7 535	21.8	14 290	21.6
50~59	4 981	15.8	5 378	15.6	10 359	15.7
≥ 60	5 971	19.0	6 892	20.0	12 863	19.5
合计Total	31 494	100	34 546	100	66 040	100

职业Groups	例数 No. of cases	比例/% Proportion/%
幼托儿童Preschools	149	0.2
散居儿童Scattered	1 041	1.6
学生Student	3 034	4.6
教师Teacher	573	0.9
保育员Nursery governess	10	0
餐饮食品业Catering	99	0.1
公共场所服务人员 Public service	8	0
商务人员Business men	550	0.8
医务人员Medical staff	233	0.4
工人Worker	1 708	2.6
民工Migrant worker	232	0.4
农民Farmer	26 233	39.7
牧民Herdsman	21 841	33.1
渔（船）民Fishing (boat) people	25	0
海员驾驶Seaman/driver	23	0
公务人员及职员Civil servants and staff	1 571	2.4
离退人员Former researchers	1 896	2.9
家务及待业 Domestic unemployment	3 606	5.5
不详Unknown	608	0.9
其他Other	2 600	3.9
合计Total	66 040	100

The endemic status of echinococcosis in China from 2004 to 2020

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