Polymorphisms of circumsporozoite protein gene and population structure analysis of Plasmodium vivax with different infection sources in Yunnan Province

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2020.01.010

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To analyze the gene sequences of circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium vivax (Pvcsp) collected from different infection sources in Yunnan Province, in order to understand the population structure and genetic diversity of Pvcsp gene in the Province. Methods Epidemiological data and blood samples were collected from the local and imported P. vivax malaria cases in Yunnan Province reported in the China Infectious Disease Network Direct Reporting System from 2014 to 2017. Genomic DNA of Plasmodium was extracted from blood samples, amplified by nested PCR and sequenced. MEGA 5.04 and Arlequin 3.5.2.2 were used to analyze the haploid type and the expected heterozygosity(He), respectively, and DnaSP 5.10 was used to calculate nucleotide diversity (π), synonymous replacement rate(Ks), missense replacement rate(Ka) and interpopulation genetic differentiation index (Fst). Results A total of 969 blood samples of P. vivax malaria cases were analyzed, and 759 samples were successfully amplified to produce target bands of 650-750 bp, including 39 cases in Yunnan, 16 cases from Africa, 688 cases from Myanmar, 13 cases from Laos, 2 cases from Cambodia and 1 case from Pakistan. The haploid type analysis showed the presence of 90 haploid types among the 759 Pvcsp gene sequences, of which 29 belonged to the PV-Ⅰ temperate family (similar to the VK210 type), 50 to the PV-Ⅰ tropical family (similar to the VK210 type), and 11 were of the PV-Ⅱ type (similar to the VK247 type). The proportions of three genotypes to the total examinees were 51.4% (390/759), 41.1% (312/759), and 7.5% (57/759), respectively, distributed in Yunnan local and Myanmar imported cases, while imported cases from Africa, Laos and other places only exhibited the PV-Ⅰ type. The amino acid sequence mutations of the PV-Ⅰ and PV-Ⅱ types occurred at 29 and 10 loci, respectively. The He, π and Ka/Ks of the 759 samples were 0.224, 0.075, and 0.480, respectively. Among the infection sources other than Cambodia/Pakistan, Pvcsp had the highest genetic diversity within imported cases from Laos(He, 0.422; π, 0.03). Pvcsp in Yunnan local cases and the imported cases from Africa showed the highest genetic differentiation (Fst, 0.082), while the lowest genetic differentiation was seen in the imported cases from Myanmar (Fst, 0.002); the Pvcsp gene displayed moderate genetic differentiation in the imported cases from Africa and Southeast Asia; and minor genetic differentiation was deteted in the imported cases from Southeast Asia. Conclusion There are three genotypes of Pvcsp of P. vivax from different sources of infection detected in Yunnan Province, with PV-Ⅰ temperate family as the dominant strain. The population genetic structure and differentiation varies with different genptypes.

Key words: Plasmodium vivax, Circumsporozoite protein gene, Polymorphism, Population structure, Yunnan

CLC Number:

R382.311

XU Yan-chun, DONG Ying, DENG Yan, MAO Xiang-hua, CHEN Meng-ni, ZHANG Cang-lin, JIANG Lu-bin. Polymorphisms of circumsporozoite protein gene and population structure analysis of Plasmodium vivax with different infection sources in Yunnan Province[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2020, 38(1): 67-73.

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