Investigation on malaria vectors in Jinghong, a border area in Yunnan Province

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2019.04.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To understand the species, ecology of mosquitoes involved in the transmission of malaria in Jinghong, a border area in Yunnan Province. Methods A village called Manghuilong with historically high incidence of malaria along the border area in Jinghong City, Yunnan Province, was selected as a pilot site for the investigation of mosquitoes involved in the transmission of malaria. Mosquitoes were captured with light in 5 living houses and livestock houses evenly located in the village three days a month from June to October in 2015. The mosquito density was recorded in each house. The host species of blood in the stomach of captured mosquitoes were identified by multiple PCR to determine their bloodthirsty habit. The nocturnal activities of mosquitoes were observed by tent trap in and out of the village. The Plasmodium-specific primer-based nest PCR was used to detect sporozoite infection in captured mosquitoes. Results A total of 1 286 mosquitoes belonged to 13 species of Anopheles were captured, including 936 An. sinensis (72.8%) and 188 An. minor (14.6%) as dominant species. The main source of Anopheles was from livestock houses, accounting for 85.6% (1 101). PCR detection on blood from 125 An. sinensis showed that all blood was from pig, no one from human source. The biting incidence of An. sinensis on human in the village was 0.6 per person per hour, and outside village was 0.2 per person per hour. The peak of nocturnal activity was from 8 : 00 pm to 10 : 00 pm. Results of nested PCR on 101 An. minimus, 517 An. sinensis and 40 An. multiflora showed that no Plasmodium sporozoite infection was detected in all captured mosquitoes. Conclusion An. sinensis was the dominant species of mosquito in Jinghong, Yunnan Province, followed by An. minimus. However, An. sinensis mainly feeds on blood of domestic livestock, not on humans. There was no Plasmodium infected mosquito detected in this area.

Key words: Malaria, Vector, Anopheles, Species, Plasmodium sporozoite, Ecology, Jinghong of Yunnan Province

CLC Number:

R384.11

Rui YANG, Yu-ting ZHENG, Xiao-yu YANG, Li-min DONG, Zu-rui LIN, Yao-wu ZHOU, Xu-can ZENG, Hong-bin LI, Jin-yong JIANG. Investigation on malaria vectors in Jinghong, a border area in Yunnan Province[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2019, 37(4): 406-410.

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引物名称 Primer name	序列（3′→5′） Sequence（3′→5′）	目标片段长度/bp Target fragment length/bp
Unfor	TGAGGACAAATATCATTCTGAGG
Unrevl025	GGTTGTCCTCCAATTCATGTTA
Human741F	GGCTTACTTCTCTTCATTCTCTCCT	334
Cowl21F	CATCGGCACAAATTTAGTCG	561
Pig573F	CCTCGCAGCCGTACATCTC	453
Goat894F	CCTAATCTTAGTACTTGTACCCTTCCTC	132
Dog368F	GGAATTGTACTATTATTCGCAACCAT	680

引物名称 Primer name	序列（3′→5′） Sequence（3′→5′）	目标片段长度/bp Target fragment length/bp
属特异性引物1 General primers 1	CCTGTTGTTGCCTTAAACTTC	1 200
属特异性引物2 General primers 2	TTAAAATTGTTGCAGTTAAAACG	1 200
恶性疟原虫特异性引物1 P. falciparum specific primers 1	TTAAACTGGTTTGGGAAAACCAAATATATT	205
恶性疟原虫特异性引物2 P. falciparum specific primers 2	ACACAATGAACTCAATCATGACTACCCGTC	205
间日疟原虫特异性引物1 P. vivax specific primer 1	CGCTTCTAGCTTAATCCACATAACTGATAC	120
间日疟原虫特异性引物2 P. vivax specific primer 2	ACTTCCAAGCCGAAGCAAAGAAAGTCCTTA	120

种类Species	6月June	7月July	8月August	9月September	10月October	合计Total	构成比/% Proportion/%
中华按蚊An. sinensis	334	467	106	27	2	936	72.8
微小按蚊An. minimus	34	89	47	15	3	188	14.6
多斑按蚊An. maculatus	40	13	4	15	1	73	5.7
迷走按蚊An. vagus	8	9			1	18	1.4
银足按蚊An. argyropus		18				18	1.4
可赫按蚊An. kochi		11	5			16	1.3
棋斑按蚊An. tessellatus		3	4	5		12	0.9
须喙按蚊An. barbirostris			3	5		8	0.6
美彩按蚊An. splendidus	1		1	3		5	0.4
须荫按蚊An. barbumbrosus	4					4	0.3
乌头按蚊An. aconitus		2	1			3	0.2
带足按蚊An. peditaeniatus			3			3	0.2
库态按蚊An. culicifacies		2				2	0.2
合计Total	421	614	174	70	7	1 286	100

种类Specie	畜房蚊数 Animal pens	人房蚊数 Human house	帐诱蚊数 In bed net	合计Total	构成比/%Proportion/%
中华按蚊An. sinensis	780	70	86	936	72.8
微小按蚊An. minimus	171	17	0	188	14.6
多斑按蚊An. maculatus	70	2	1	73	5.7
迷走按蚊An. vagus	13	2	3	18	1.4
银足按蚊An. argyropus	18	0	0	18	1.4
可赫按蚊An. kochi	14	2	0	16	1.3
棋斑按蚊An. tessellatus	12	0	0	12	0.9
须喙按蚊An. barbirostris	7	1	0	8	0.6
美彩按蚊An. splendidus	5	0	0	5	0.4
须荫按蚊An. barbumbrosus	4	0	0	4	0.3
乌头按蚊An. aconitus	2	0	1	3	0.2
带足按蚊An. peditaeniatus	3	0	0	3	0.2
库态按蚊An. culicifacies	2	0	0	2	0.2
合计Total	1 101	94	91	1 286	100