蜱类miRNA研究进展

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2020.06.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微小核糖核酸（miRNA）是生物体内一类非编码小RNA分子,参与调控发育、应激、细胞分化、细胞凋亡等多种生理和细胞过程。蜱类作为专性吸血的外寄生动物,是多种病原体的传播媒介,有关其miRNA的研究主要集中于生长发育调控以及蜱与病原体相互作用过程中miRNA的功能调控等方面。本研究针对近年来蜱类miRNA的鉴定、作用及功能调控研究进行综述,以期为后续制定蜱及蜱媒疾病的防控对策提供理论基础。

关键词: 蜱, microRNA, 生物学功能, 调控机制, 病原体传播

Abstract:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNA molecules involved in the regulation of development, stress, cell differentiation, cell apoptosis and other physiological and cellular processes. Ticks, as obligate blood-sucking ectoparasites, serve as a vector of a great diversity of pathogens. Research on the miRNAs of ticks has mainly focused on their regulation of growth and development, as well as their roles in functional regulation during the tick-pathogen interactions. This paper reviews the recent progress on the identification of miRNAs in ticks and their roles in functional regulation, which may provide a theoretical basis for subsequent design of prevention and control strategies for ticks and tick-borne diseases.

Key words: Tick, microRNA, Biological function, Regulatory mechanism, Pathogen transmission

中图分类号:

R384.41

裴庭苇, 于志军, 刘敬泽. 蜱类miRNA研究进展[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2020, 38(6): 771-776.

PEI Ting-wei, YU Zhi-jun, LIU Jing-ze. Research progress on microRNAs of ticks[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2020, 38(6): 771-776.

图/表 1

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物种	miRNA	靶基因	生物学功能
长角血蜱 Haemaphysalis longicornis	miR-278^[33]	未知	注射拮抗剂后饱血率下降,死亡率上升
	miR-275^[43]	Vg-2	注射拮抗剂后卵巢发育受损,产卵量下降
	miR-184^[44]	Vg	注射拮抗剂后饱血体重下降,产卵量下降,产卵周期变长
	miR-375^[45]	未知	注射拮抗剂后产卵量下降,部分卵干燥、孵化率下降
亚洲璃眼蜱Hyalomma asiaticum	miR-10^[41]	未知	在吸血初期表达量上调,随吸血时间延长表达量逐渐下调,调控蜱类吸血过程
	miR-451^[42]	MIF	miR-451上调负调控MIF表达
	Let-7^[46]	ECR	注射Let-7类似物使其过表达时,蜱类蜕皮时间延长
镰形扇头蜱 Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides	miR-303^[37]	未知	可靶向调控免疫通路相关基因
	miR-9^[37]	未知	在LPS激活的抗炎调节中发挥重要作用
肩突硬蜱Ixodes scapularis	miR-79^[7]	Robo2	嗜吞噬细胞无形体通过靶向Robo2途径上调miR-79,减少保护性促炎症反应