Abstract:

To understand the current status of Toxoplasmosis misdiagnosis in clinic, information for the misdiagnosed Toxoplasmosis were collected by searching through PubMed and Tsinghua Tongfang CNKI database from January 2000 to August 2018 and analyzed regarding the type of diseases to which the Toxoplasmosis was misdiagnosed, the location of the infection and lesion, the method of definitive diagnosis, co-infection with HIV and organ transplantation. The possible causes for the misdiagnosis were further discussed. Total 70 related literatures were obtained and a total of 251 misdiagnosed cases were collected. The analytic results showed that Toxoplasmosis was misdiagnosed to 61 different types of diseases. The top two misdiagnosed diseases were iridocyclitis (11.6%, 29/251) and retinitis (8.8%, 22/251) in eyes. The most common locations of the infection and lesion were in brain (33.5%, 84/251), eye (25.5%, 64/251) and liver (12.4%, 31/251). 132 cases were positive for Toxoplasma antibody by serological test; 68 cases (including 25 death cases) were observed with Toxoplasma gondii trophozoites or cysts in tissues by histopathological examination; 13 cases were diagnosed by identification of T. gondii in blood, body fluid and puncture fluid under microscope. Out of the total 251 misdiagnosed Toxoplasmosis, 49 had co-infection with HIV with symptoms of AIDS, 13 had received bone marrow transplantation and 2 received kidney transplantation.

Key words: Toxoplasmosis, Clinical misdiagnosis, Detection