Evaluation of the pathogen detection capacity in standardized schistosomiasis laboratories in Hubei Province

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2021.05.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To understand the capability of etiological detection in 60 standardized laboratories for schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, evaluate the efficacy of on-site detection method of egg-hatching with nylon sheer-concentration, and provide reference basis for improving detection and test capability of local professional health workers in schistosomiasis control in the province. Methods Schistosoma japonicum cercariae were used to infect japanese big-eared rabbits with abdominal patch method [(1 500 ± 100) cercariae/rabbit]. On 40 days post-infection, rabbit livers were collected for separating worm eggs, which were used to prepare, egg suspension. Then 1 ml of egg suspension was hatched and miracdia counted, and the egg density of the suspension was adjusted to a density that 1 ml suspension would hatch out (50 ± 10) mircaria. Meantime, part of the suspension was then diluted 2 and 4 times of volume to prepare three classes of suspensions: strong positive, positive and weakly positive. The egg suspensions stored in the laboratory were inactivated and used as negative samples. The hatching reference samples were aliquoted into 60 groups by random numbering and distributed to 60 standardized laboratories for schistosomiasis in the province. The hatching quality control samples were tested using single-blind method. SPSS 20.0 software was used to analyze the detection capability of examiners in the laboratories in different localities (county, cities), and the overall coincidence rate, false detection rate and miss-detection rate were compared with χ² tests. Results A total of 300 samples (138 positives and 162 negatives) were examined in the standard laboratories 13 cities and 47 counties (city, district) in Hubei. Of the examined, 125 samples were found positive, and 148 negative, showing an overall coincidence rate 91.0% (273/300), overall false detection rate 8.6% (14/162), and overall miss-detection rate 9.4% (13/138), with the differences being statistically significant (χ² = 201.207, P < 0.01). In 12 out of 13 cities and 34 out of 47 counties (city, districts) standard laboratories, the detection results were consistent with the standard ones; miss-detection occurred in 9 laboratories, accounting for 19.1% of the total, false detection occurred in 10 laboratories, accounting for 21.3%; simultaneous occurrence of both miss-detection and false detection were found in 6 laboratories, accounting for 12.8%. The false detection rate from the laboratories in independent institutions and non-independent institutions for schistosomiasis control was 8.1% (5/62) and 9.0% (9/100), respectively, with the difference not statistically significant (χ² = 0.042, P > 0.05); the miss-detection rate was 12.5% (6/48) and 7.8% (7/90) respectively, the difference was not statistically significant (χ² = 0.818, P > 0.05). The false-detection and miss-detection rate were found from the laboratories in counties at the schistosomiasis status of transmission interrupted with existing snails, elimination with existing snails, elimination with snail free was 6.5% (5/77), 15.0% (6/40); 16.7% (3/18) and 12.1% (7/58); and 8.6% (3/35), 13.6% (3/22), respectively, with the differences not statistically significant(χ² = 3.330, 0.414, P > 0.05). Conclusion The overall coincidence rate detected by the method of egg-hatching with nylon sheer-concentration is considerably high in the standardized schistosomiasis laboratories in Hubei Province. It is noted that false detection and miss-detection occurred in county (city, district)-based laboratories.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Stool hatching method, Standardized laboratories, Field assessment

CLC Number:

R532.21

LI Bo, ZHANG Cong, SHAN Xiao-wei, YI Jia, TU Zhen, HE Hui, TANG Li, ZHU Hong, LIU Jian-bing. Evaluation of the pathogen detection capacity in standardized schistosomiasis laboratories in Hubei Province[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2021, 39(5): 572-576.

Figures/Tables 2

Table 1

Table 2

References 25

[1]	Chen YY, Huang XB, Cai SX, et al. Evaluation on schistosomiasis control in Hubei Province (2008 to 2012)[J]. J Public Heal Prev Med, 2014, 25(2):33-37.
	( 陈艳艳, 黄希宝, 蔡顺祥, 等. 湖北省2008—2012年血吸虫病防治效果评估[J]. 公共卫生与预防医学, 2014, 25(2):33-37. (in Chinese)
[2]	Tang L, Yi P, Luo ZH, et al. Study on situation and control strategies of snail in inner embankment of Dongting Lake regions[J]. J Trop Dis Parasitol, 2012, 10(1):14-16. (in Chinese)
	( 汤凌, 易平, 罗志红, 等. 洞庭湖区垸内钉螺分布现状及防治对策探讨[J]. 热带病与寄生虫学, 2012, 10(1):14-16.)
[3]	Zhu H, Wu JL, Tu ZW, et al. Epidemiologic features and space-time clustering analysis of human schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2016[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2018, 30(4):404-409, 459. (in Chinese)
	( 朱红, 吴家利, 涂祖武, 等. 2015—2016年湖北省人群血吸虫病病情流行特征及时空聚集性分析[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2018, 30(4):404-409, 459.)
[4]	Chen YY, Liu JB, Jiang Y, et al. Dynamics of spatiotemporal distribution of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, China[J]. Acta Trop, 2018, 180:88-96. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.01.004
[5]	Zhu H, Cai SX, Liu JB, et al. A spatial analysis of human Schistosoma japonicum infections in Hubei, China, during 2009—2014[J]. Parasit Vectors, 2016, 9(1):529. doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1817-6
[6]	Chen YY, Huang XB, Xiao Y, et al. Spatial analysis of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, China: a GIS-based analysis of schistosomiasis from 2009 to 2013[J]. PLoS One, 2015, 10(4):e0118362. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118362
[7]	Liu W, Cao CL, Chen Z, et al. Evaluation of the comprehensive schistosomiasis control measures with emphasis on infection source of replacing cattle with machine[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2013, 31(3):206-211. (in Chinese)
	( 柳伟, 曹淳力, 陈朝, 等. “以机代牛”等传染源综合治理措施防治血吸虫病的效果评价[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2013, 31(3):206-211.)
[8]	Wang H, Liu S, Zhang J, et al. Endemic situation of schistosomiasis in national surveillance sites of Hubei Province from 2015 to 2019[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2020, 32(6):565-568, 576. (in Chinese)
	( 王晖, 刘斯, 张娟, 等. 2015—2019年湖北省国家血吸虫病监测点疫情分析[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2020, 32(6):565-568, 576.)
[9]	Zhang LJ, Xu ZM, Dang H, et al. Endemic status of schistosomiasis in People’s Republic of China in 2019[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2020, 32(6):551-558. (in Chinese)
	( 张利娟, 徐志敏, 党辉, 等. 2019年全国血吸虫病疫情通报[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2020, 32(6):551-558.)
[10]	Shan XW, Xiao Y, Liu S, et al. Analysis on the surveillance results of schistosomiasis prevalence in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2019[J]. J Trop Dis Parasitol, 2020, 18(2):81-86. (in Chinese)
	( 单晓伟, 肖瑛, 刘斯, 等. 2015—2019年湖北省血吸虫病监测点疫情分析[J]. 热带病与寄生虫学, 2020, 18(2):81-86.)
[11]	Zhu H, Zheng ZH, Tang L, et al. Effect of standardized construction of laboratories of schistosomiasis control institutions in Hubei Province in 2013[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2015, 27(1):22-25. (in Chinese)
	( 朱红, 郑朝晖, 唐丽, 等. 2013年湖北省血防专业机构实验室规范化建设效果分析[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2015, 27(1):22-25.)
[12]	Wang SP, He X, Zhou YF, et al. Demand for and the development of detection techniques for source of schistosome infection in China[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2015, 33(6):456-460. (in Chinese)
	( 汪世平, 何鑫, 周云飞, 等. 我国血吸虫病传染源快速检测技术的需求与发展[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2015, 33(6):456-460.)
[13]	Yan XL, Wen LY, Zheng B, et al. Interpretation of standard for “Detection of Schistosoma japonicum miracidium-Egg hatching method after nylon mesh bag concentration (WS/T 631-2018)”[J]. Inter J Epidemiol Infect Dis, 2018, 45(6):388-389. (in Chinese)
	( 严晓岚, 闻礼永, 郑彬, 等. 《日本血吸虫毛蚴检测尼龙绢袋集卵孵化法(WS/T 631-2018)》标准解读[J]. 国际流行病学传染病学杂志, 2018, 45(6):388-389.)
[14]	Zheng ZH, Qin J, Chen L, et al. Construction and operation status of management system of laboratories of schistosomiasis control institutions in Hubei Province[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2016, 28(5):519-522. (in Chinese)
	( 郑朝晖, 秦俊, 陈莉, 等. 湖北省血防专业机构实验室管理体系建立与运行现状分析[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2016, 28(5):519-522.)
[15]	Zhang JF, Yao YY, Xiong CR, et al. Establishment and application of quality control system for detection of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province Ⅱ evaluation of pathogenic detection capacity of county-level personnel[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2018, 30(1):26-31. (in Chinese)
	( 张键锋, 姚韵怡, 熊春蓉, 等. 江苏省血吸虫病查病质控体系的构建与应用Ⅱ县级人员病原学检测能力评估[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2018, 30(1):26-31.)
[16]	Zhu R, Qing ZQ, Feng T, et al. Assessment of effect and quality control for paracitological tests in national schistosomiasis surveillance sites[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2013, 25(1):11-15. (in Chinese)
	( 朱蓉, 秦志强, 冯婷, 等. 全国血吸虫病监测点现场病原学检测效果及质控评估[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2013, 25(1):11-15.)
[17]	Zhang JF, Sun LP, Yang K, et al. Establishment and application of quality control system for detection of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province Ⅰ ability of serological detection among county-level personnel[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2013, 25(5):457-461. (in Chinese)
	( 张键锋, 孙乐平, 杨坤, 等. 江苏省血吸虫病查病质控体系的构建与应用Ⅰ县级人员血清学检测能力[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2013, 25(5):457-461.)
[18]	Xu J, Zhang XF, Gao J, et al. Assessment on the effect of joint effort for schistosomiasis control in Hubei Province[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2014, 32(3):180-185. (in Chinese)
	( 许静, 张险峰, 高婧, 等. 湖北省省部联防行动防治血吸虫病成效分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2014, 32(3):180-185.)
[19]	Hong ZH. Major challenges of schistosomiasis elimination in Hubei Province[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2018, 30(6):685-687. (in Chinese)
	( 洪志华. 湖北省血吸虫病消除工作面临的主要挑战[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2018, 30(6):685-687.)
[20]	Xu J, Lü S, Cao CL, et al. Progress and challenges of schistosomiasis elimination in China[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2018, 30(6):605-609. (in Chinese)
	( 许静, 吕山, 曹淳力, 等. 我国血吸虫病消除工作进展及面临的挑战[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2018, 30(6):605-609.)
[21]	Zhong B, Liu Y, Wu ZS, et al. Main challenges and strategy of schistosomiasis control in mountainous and hilly regions of China[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2019, 31(3):231-237. (in Chinese)
	( 钟波, 刘阳, 吴子松, 等. 我国山丘型流行区血吸虫病防治工作面临的主要挑战和防治对策[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2019, 31(3):231-237.)
[22]	Huang MJ, Chen NG, Wu ZQ, et al. Comparison of effect of stool hatching method and Kato-Katz in the field examination of schistosomiasis[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2007, 19(6):458-459. (in Chinese)
	( 黄美娇, 陈年高, 邬子清, 等. 尼龙绢集卵孵化法和Kato-Katz法现场查病效果比较[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2007, 19(6):458-459.)
[23]	Xu J, Chen NG, Feng T, et al. Effectiveness of routinely used assays for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica in the field[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2007, 25(3):175-179. (in Chinese)
	( 许静, 陈年高, 冯婷, 等. 日本血吸虫病常用诊断方法现场查病效果的评估[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2007, 25(3):175-179.)
[24]	Zhu HQ, Cao CL, Gao FH, et al. Evaluation of effectiveness of modified Kato-Katz technique for diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2005, 17(4):273-277. (in Chinese)
	( 祝红庆, 曹淳力, 高风华, 等. 改良加藤法普查日本血吸虫病的效果评价[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2005, 17(4):273-277.)
[25]	Li KJ, Cai SX, Liu JB, et al. Discussion on capacity building of independent institutes for schistosomiasis control in Hubei Province[J]. Chin J Public Heal Manag, 2015, 31(6):799-801. (in Chinese)
	( 李凯杰, 蔡顺祥, 刘建兵, 等. 湖北省独立血吸虫病预防控制所能力建设探析[J]. 中国公共卫生管理, 2015, 31(6):799-801.)