Infection of Spirometra mansoni plerocercoid in snakes from Shanghai Zoo

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the infection status of plerocercoid in snakes from Shanghai Zoo in order to provide information for the prevention and treatment of sparganosis. Methods Thirty snakes were provided from Shanghai Zoo and dissected in 2017. The plerocercoids were collected from the snakes, the number of plerocercoids and their location were recorded. The structure of plerocercoid was examined under microscope after being Carmine stained. The total DNA was extracted from the plerocercoids and the DNA fragments for cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and cytochrome b (cytb) genes were amplified by PCR. The amplified PCR products were sequenced and analyzed. Results The infection rate of plerocercoid in the snakes was 86.7% (26/30) with total 626 plerocercoids found, with an average intensity of infection of 24.1 plerocercoids per snake. The infection rate in snake Elaphe carinata and Zaocys dhumnades was 50.0% (3/6) and 95.8% (23/24), with the average intensity of infection of 1.3 and 27.0 plerocercoids per snake, respectively. Muscular tissue was the most common parasitizing location for the plerocercoids, accounting for 52.9% (331/626). The isolated worms were in accordance with Spirometra mansoni plerocercoids in morphology. The PCR amplified product of cox1 gene was about 470 bp and cytb gene was about 1 400 bp, respectively, sharing 96.4%~100% (cox1) and 97.8%~100% (cytb) sequence identity among the 26 samples. In comparison with the different tapeworm sequences in GenBank, it was found that the amplified cox1 and cytb gene sequences in the plerocercoids were highly homologous to those of S. erinaceieuropaei (99.8%~100%, GenBank Accession No. KP738288, AB374543) and less homologous to other species of tapeworm. Conclusion The snakes collected from Shanghai Zoo are widely infected with S. mansoni plerocercoids, indicating that they can be the infection source of human sparganosis.

Key words: Spirometra mansoni plerocercoid, Snake, Molecular identification, Zoo

CLC Number:

R532.31

Yan LU, Jia-xu CHEN, Hao LI, Yu-chun CAI, Lin AI, Yan-hong CHU, Peng SONG, Shao-hong CHEN. Infection of Spirometra mansoni plerocercoid in snakes from Shanghai Zoo[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2018, 36(6): 593-596.

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References 19

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蛇种 Species of snakes	阳性蛇数Positive no. of snake	检出裂头蚴数及寄生部位 Number of the identified pleroceroids and parasitic sites
蛇种 Species of snakes	阳性蛇数Positive no. of snake	肌肉组织Muscle tissue	皮下组织Subcutaneous tissue	体腔 Body cavity
王锦蛇Elaphe carinata	3	2	2	0
乌梢蛇Zaocys dhumnades	23	329	156	137
合计Total	26	331	158	137

虫种 Species	基因序列 Gene sequence	GenBank登录号GenBank accession no.	序列一致性/%Identity/%
欧猥迭宫绦虫Spirometra erinaceieuropaei	cox1	KP738288	99.8
欧猥迭宫绦虫Spirometra erinaceieuropaei	cytb	AB374543	100
阔节双叶槽绦虫Diphyllobothrium latum	cox1	AB511963	84.4
阔节双叶槽绦虫Diphyllobothrium latum	cytb	AB269325	54.2
肥胖带绦虫Taenia saginata	cox1	AB271695	78.5
肥胖带绦虫Taenia saginata	cytb	AB274525	67.0
链状带绦虫Taenia solium	cox1	AB631045	78.2
链状带绦虫Taenia solium	cytb	AY211881	60.2
缩小膜壳绦虫Hymenolepis diminuta	cox1	LC063186	74.7
缩小膜壳绦虫Hymenolepis diminuta	cytb	AF314223	58.9
细粒棘球绦虫Echinococcus granulosus	cox1	KT716270	81.2
细粒棘球绦虫Echinococcus granulosus	cytb	KC709566	65.2
多房棘球绦虫Echinococcus multilocularis	cox1	AB385610	61.9
多房棘球绦虫Echinococcus multilocularis	cytb	AB374426	66.7