Epidemiological trend of hookworm infection in Jiangxi Province

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2024.04.019

Abstract

Abstract:

To analyze the epidemic trend and current situation of hookworm disease in Jiangxi Province, all for providing a basis for formulating countermeasures of hookworm disease. The survey data of hookworm disease in Jiangxi Province in three national sampling surveys of human parasitic diseases (1989, 2002 and 2015) and the surveillance data of hookworm infection in the national monitoring sites of soil nematode disease in Jiangxi Province from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed, respectively. The Kato-katz smear method was used in the survey and surveillance to examine the hookworm infection, and the test-tube filter paper culture method was used to identify hookworm species. The results showed that the infection rate of hookworm in Jiangxi were 17.63% (9 176/52 042) in 1989, 7.39% (1 490/20 154) in 2002 and 4.63% (1 094/23 606) in 2015 with the downtrend as a whole (χ² = 3 112.64， P < 0.05). The infection rates in female in 1989 and 2015 (18.68% and 5.59%) were higher than that in male (16.60% and 3.88%) (χ² = 38.71, 28.85， both P < 0.05). As for the age distribution of infection in 3 national surveys, the infection rate in age group of 50-59 in 1989 was the highest (27.33%), and the rates in ≥ 60 age group in 2002 and 2015 were the highest accordingly (12.37% and 10.06%). The dominant species of hookworm in 1989 was Ancylostoma duodenale, while Necator americanus becoming dominant in 2002 and 2015. The infection rates of hookworm from 2016 to 2020 in Jiangxi were 1.04% (116/11 126), 1.09% （122/11 203), 0.63% (70/11 183), 1.00% (112/11 197) and 0.62% (70/11 240), respectively and continued to decline (χ² = 44.85, P < 0.01). In the gender distribution, the infection rate of female (0.97%, 269/27 718) was still higher that of male (0.78%, 221/28 231) (χ² = 5.98, P < 0.05). In the age distribution, the infection rate in ≥ 60 age group was still the highest (1.51%, 235/15 594). The analysis results indicated that the infection rate of hookworm shows a continuous decline trend, and maintains a low epidemic state in Jiangxi. Rural women and high age groups are the focus of hookworm control.

Key words: Hookworm, Epidemiological trend, Current situation, Jiangxi Province

CLC Number:

R532.12

ZHOU Yuehong, JIN Zhimei, QIU Tingting, LI Peng, LAN Weiming, CHEN Zhe, GE Jun. Epidemiological trend of hookworm infection in Jiangxi Province[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2024, 42(4): 542-546.

Figures/Tables 4

References 25

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特征	1989			2002			2015
特征	检查人数/例	感染人数/例	感染率/%	检查人数/例	感染人数/例	感染率/%	检查人数/例	感染人数/例	感染率/%
性别
男	26 188	4 347	16.60	10 511	749	7.13	11 538	448	3.88
女	25 854	4 829	18.68	9 643	741	7.68	12 068	646	5.59
年龄组
< 10	10 506	761	7.24	3 080	46	1.91	3 479	28	0.80
10~19	13 925	1 914	13.75	3 762	90	1.25	2 324	20	0.86
20~29	8 983	1 834	20.42	1 850	95	2.34	1 539	21	1.36
30~39	7 396	1 820	24.61	3 500	300	2.51	2 465	49	1.99
40~49	4 475	1 150	25.70	3 097	383	5.14	4 110	170	4.14
50~59	3 494	955	27.33	2 417	294	8.57	4 401	274	6.23
≥ 60	3 263	742	22.74	2 448	282	12.37	5 288	532	10.06
地区
赣东丘陵地区	15 647	1 775	11.34	4 514	414	9.17	7 186	338	4.70
赣南山区	9 762	2 860	29.30	4 585	107	2.33	4 742	52	1.10
赣西丘陵地区	10 205	830	8.13	4 144	345	8.33	3 894	268	6.88
赣北平原地区	10 263	2 114	20.60	3 841	370	9.63	5 192	320	6.16
赣中丘陵地区	6 165	1 597	25.90	3 070	254	8.27	2 592	116	4.48
合计	52 042	9 176	17.63	20 154	1 490	7.39	23 606	1 094	4.63

感染度	1989		2002		2015
感染度	感染人数/例	构成比/%	感染人数/例	构成比/%	感染人数/例	构成比/%
轻度感染	2 465	48.06	1 375	92.28	983	89.85
中度感染	1 022	19.93	68	4.56	54	4.94
重度感染	1 642	32.01	47	3.16	57	5.21
合计	5 129	100	1 490	100	1 094	100

钩虫虫种	1989		2002		2015
钩虫虫种	阳性数	构成比/%	阳性数	构成比/%	阳性数	构成比/%
十二指肠钩虫	1 577	54.57	186	19.72	18	2.44
美洲钩虫	1 117	38.65	744	78.90	583	79.00
混合感染	196	6.78	13	1.38	137	18.56
合计	2 890	100	943	100	738	100

特征	检查人数/例	感染人数/例	感染率/%
性别
男	28 231	221	0.78
女	27 718	269	0.97
年龄组
< 10	7 808	15	0.19
10~19	4 555	20	0.44
20~29	3 657	12	0.33
30~39	5 289	52	0.98
40~49	8 352	65	0.78
50~59	10 694	91	0.85
≥ 60	15 594	235	1.51
合计	55 949	490	0.88