Survey on the knowledge, attitude and practice towards clonorchiasis and analysis of the influencing factors in Xinfeng County of Jiangxi Province in 2016

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2020.05.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and practice towards clonorchiasis and the influencing factors in Xinfeng Country of Jiangxi Province, in order to provide scientific evidence for formulating pertinent control measures for clonorchiasis. Methods In 2016, at least 150 local residents over 3 years old were cluster sampled from each of 26 villages in 5 towns (Datangbu, Xiaohe, Jiading, Gubei and Zhengping) of Xinfeng County, where the residents have the habit of eating raw or undercooked freshwater fishes. Among them, a questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain basic information concerning C. sinensis infection. The awareness rate of clonorchiasis and the proportion having the habit of eating raw fish were calculated, and analyzed by chi-square test to comparethe rate or proportion between groups. The influencing factors for the awareness rate and the proportion of eating raw fish were analyzed by logistic regression. Results A total of 4 033 residents were participated in the survey. The awareness rate of C. sinensis was 13.0% (525/4 033). Among them, 19.5% (787/4 033) had a history of eating raw fish. The awareness rate and the proportion of eating raw fish in males were 7.4% (142/1 933) and 32.8% (633/1 933), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in females at 2.2% (47/2 100) and 7.3% (154/2 100), respectively (P < 0.01). The awareness rate showed a trend of increasing first then decreasing with ages, which peaked in the age group of 30-39 years (9.8%, 30/305), and displayed significant difference between all age groups (P < 0.01). The proportion of eating raw fish among the residents increased with age, and reached a peak of 30.6% (241/787) in the age group 50-59 years (P < 0.01). The awareness rates and the proportion of eating raw fish among businessmen and public servants were 35.6% (42/118) and 45.8% (54/118), respectively, significantly higher than those of other occupations (P < 0.01). The awareness rate and the proportion of eating raw fish showed a trend of increasing with higher education level, which were highest in the groups with senior middle school and higher education level [25.8%(56/217) and 32.7%(71/217), respectively] (P < 0.01). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the awareness rate in males was 2.726 times that in females (P < 0.01), the awareness rate among businessmen and public servants was 3.707 times that in farmers (P < 0.01), while the awareness rate of students was only 0.068 times of farmers (P < 0.01). The awareness rate increased with higher educational levels, with the rate in the group with senior middle school or higher education level group being 11.609 times that of illiterate and preschool children(P < 0.01). The occurrence probability of eating raw fish behavior in males was 6.976 times that in females (P < 0.01). The occurrence probability of eating raw fish behavior in businessmen and public servants was 1.989 times that in farmers (P < 0.01). The occurrence probability of eating raw fish behavior increased with higher educational level, with rate in the group of junior middle school, senior middle school and technical school education was 2.076-fold (P < 0.01) and 1.966-fold (P < 0.05) of that in the illiterate and preschool children, respectively. Conclusion The awareness rate is generally low in Xinfeng County. Males, businessmen, public servants and those with higher educational levels have higher counts including awareness rate and proportion of eating raw fish behavior, thus they are the main target populations for clonorchiasis control.

Key words: Clonorchiasis, Knowledge, attitude and practice, Jiangxi Province, Xinfeng County

CLC Number:

R532.23

CHEN Zhe, YE Bin, JIANG Wei-sheng, YANG Yu-hua, LAI Bo-wen, ZENG Xiao-jun, ZHOU Chang-hai. Survey on the knowledge, attitude and practice towards clonorchiasis and analysis of the influencing factors in Xinfeng County of Jiangxi Province in 2016[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2020, 38(5): 567-573.

Figures/Tables 3

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Logistic regression analysis on the influencing factors of clonorchiasis knowledge and practice in residents of Xinfeng County of Jiangxi Province, 2016

内容Content	变量Variable	β	SE	Wald	P	OR	95%CI
知晓华支睾吸虫病 Know about clonorchiasis	性别 Gender
	女（对照） Female （control）
	男 Male	1.003	0.181	30.575	< 0.01	2.726	1.911~3.890
	职业 Occupation
	农民（对照） Farmer （control）			44.239	< 0.01
	学生 Student	-2.691	0.717	14.071	< 0.01	0.068	0.017~0.277
	商人、公职人员 Businessman and public servant	1.310	0.259	25.518	< 0.01	3.707	2.230~6.162
	工人 Worker	0.119	0.368	0.104	> 0.05	1.126	0.547~2.317
	其他 Others	-1.725	1.060	2.651	> 0.05	0.178	0.022~1.421
	文化程度 Education
	文盲、学龄前儿童（对照） Illiteracy and preschool children （control）			66.368	< 0.01
	小学 Primary school	0.412	0.419	0.967	> 0.05	1.510	0.664~3.436
	初中Junior high school	1.484	0.397	14.002	< 0.01	4.409	2.027~9.592
	高中及以上 Senior high school and above	2.452	0.433	32.117	< 0.01	11.609	4.972~27.104
	常量Constant	-4.655	0.384	146.776	< 0.01	0.010
食“鱼生” Eating raw fish	性别 Gender
食“鱼生” Eating raw fish	女（对照） Female （control）
	男 Male	1.943	0.104	350.914	< 0.01	6.976	5.693~8.548
	年龄 Age	0.019	0.004	21.176	< 0.01	1.019	1.011~1.027
	职业 Occupation
	农民（对照） Farmer （control）			57.814	< 0.01
	学生 Student	-2.300	0.349	43.514	< 0.01	0.100	0.051~0.199
	商人、公职人员 Businessman and public servant	0.687	0.243	8.034	< 0.01	1.989	1.236~3.199
	工人 Worker	-0.084	0.257	0.108	> 0.05	0.919	0.556~1.520
	其他 Others	-3.472	1.046	11.026	< 0.01	0.031	0.004~0.241
	文化程度Education
	文盲、学龄前儿童（对照） Illiteracy and preschool children （control）			24.659	< 0.01
	小学Primary school	0.210	0.158	1.766	> 0.05	1.234	0.905~1.681
	初中Junior high school	0.731	0.181	16.310	< 0.01	2.076	1.456~2.960
	高中及以上 Senior high school and above	0.676	0.266	6.473	< 0.05	1.966	1.168~3.310
	常量Constant	-3.686	0.312	139.165	< 0.01	0.025

Table 3

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内容Contents	回答人数 No. of persons completed the questionnaire	正确回答人数/人次 No. of persons/Person-times with correct answers	正确率/% Correct rate/%
知识Knowledge
是否听说过华支睾吸虫病 Whether heard of clonorchiasis	4 033	525	13.0
是否知道当地流行肝吸虫病 Whether know clonorchiasis is endemic locally	525	16	3.1
是否知道华支睾吸虫怎样感染人 Whether know how C. sinensis infects humans	525	462	88.0
是否知道华支睾吸虫病对人的危害Whether know the harm of clonorchiasis	525	213	40.6
防治知识来源（多选）Source of the knowledge(multiple choice)
媒体Media	525	221	23.6
宣传册Brochure		36	3.8
学校School		25	2.7
医生Doctor		244	26.0
听人说From others		412	43.9
行为Practice	525	221	23.6
食“鱼生”频率 Frequency of eating raw fish
无None	4 033	3 246	80.5
< 1 次/年 <1/year	787	489	62.1
≥1 次/年 ≥1/year		298	37.9
持续时间Length of history of eating raw fish
< 1年 < 1 year	787	210	26.7
1~5年 1-5 years		308	39.1
> 6年 > 6 years		269	34.2
态度Attitude
今后拒绝继续食“鱼生”Refuse to eat raw fish in the future	787	322	40.9
感染后会接受治疗Will accept treatment after infected	4 033	3 833	95.0

特征 Features	回答人数 No. responders	知晓率/% Awareness rate/%	χ²	P	食“鱼生”百分比/% Proportion of eating raw fish/%	χ²	P	愿接受治疗百分比/% Proportion of patients willing to accept treatment/%	χ²	P
性别Gender
男Male	1 933	7.4	58.794	< 0.01	32.8	420.974	< 0.01	90.7	149.238	< 0.01
女Female	2 100	2.2			7.3			99.1
年龄组/岁Age group/Year
3~9	588	0	89.426	< 0.01	0.5	288.738	< 0.01	99.2	66.4	< 0.01
10~19	345	0.9			3.2			99.7
20~29	249	8.4			15.3			97.6
30~39	305	9.8			25.9			95.4
40~49	660	7.0			25.6			93.2
50~59	787	6.9			30.6			91.6
60~69	709	3.8			23.3			94.2
≥ 70	390	2.1			20.8			94.4
职业Occupation
商人、公职人员 Businessman and public servant	118	35.6	293.795	< 0.01	45.8	280.785	< 0.01	99.2	64.307	< 0.01
工人Worker	114	7.9			21.9			100
农民Farmer	2 888	4.7			24.1			93.3
学生Student	640	0.3			1.9			99.2
其他Others	273	0.4			0.4			99.6
文化程度Education
文盲、学龄前儿童Illiteracy and preschool children	803	1.0	294.333	< 0.01	10.6	146.147	< 0.01	97.0	25.451	< 0.01
小学Primary school	1736	1.8			15.5			96.0
初中Junior high school	1277	7.4			28.3			92.6
高中及以上Senior high school and above	217	25.8			32.7			94.9