寄生性蠕虫钙网蛋白及其在免疫中作用的研究进展

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2025.03.017

中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 416-422.doi: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2025.03.017

寄生性蠕虫钙网蛋白及其在免疫中作用的研究进展

赵昱源¹(), 王思睿¹, 王梦奇¹, 段蕊¹, 何沛霞², 孙树民¹^,²^,^*()()

1 内蒙古民族大学动物科技学院，内蒙古通辽 028000
2 云南农业大学动物医学院，云南昆明 650201

收稿日期:2024-09-13 修回日期:2024-11-27 出版日期:2025-06-30 发布日期:2025-06-18
通讯作者: *孙树民（ORCID：0000-0003-1855-8697），男，博士，教授，从事人兽共患寄生虫病研究。E-mail：shums1975@163.com
作者简介:赵昱源，女，硕士研究生，从事人兽共患寄生虫病研究。E-mail：3181767061@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31960707);国家自然科学基金(32160842);国家自然科学基金(32460893);内蒙古自治区科技计划(2022YFDZ0049);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费(GXKY22042);云南省建设面向南亚东南亚科技创新中心专项-云南省兽用药品国际联合研发中心(202403AP140012)

Research progress on calreticulin in parasitic helminths and its role in immunity

ZHAO Yuyuan¹(), WANG Sirui¹, WANG Mengqi¹, DUAN Rui¹, HE Peixia², SUN Shumin¹^,²^,^*()()

1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
2 College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China

Received:2024-09-13 Revised:2024-11-27 Online:2025-06-30 Published:2025-06-18
Contact: *E-mail：shums1975@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960707);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160842);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32460893);Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Program(2022YFDZ0049);Basic scientific research funds for universities directly under the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(GXKY22042);Yunnan Province Special Project for Building a Science and Technology Innovation Center for South and Southeast Asia-Yunnan Province International Joint Research and Development Center for Veterinary Pharmaceuticals(202403AP140012)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

钙网蛋白是一种主要存在于内质网中的可溶性Ca²⁺结合蛋白，具有参与Ca²⁺信号转导、蛋白质折叠、抗原递呈等多种生物学功能。寄生性蠕虫的钙网蛋白由虫体分泌或表达于虫体表面，在虫体运动和生长发育中发挥重要作用，部分蠕虫钙网蛋白还与其免疫逃避过程密切相关。本文阐述了钙网蛋白的结构及功能，并围绕钙网蛋白调节宿主的Th1/Th2型免疫应答以及对宿主免疫细胞、免疫分子和补体系统的调控机制进行深入探讨，旨在为蠕虫病的防控和治疗提供新的思路。

关键词: 寄生性蠕虫, 钙网蛋白, 免疫应答, 免疫逃避

Abstract:

Calreticulin is a soluble Ca²⁺-binding protein that is mainly present endoplasmic reticulum, which has a variety of biological functions, such as Ca²⁺ signal transduction, protein folding, and antigen presentation. The calreticulin of parasitic helminths is secreted by the worm body or expressed on the surface of the worm body, which plays an important role in the parasite motility, growth and development. In addition, the calreticulin of some helminths is strongly associated with its immune evasion process. This review summarizes the structure composition and function of calreticulin, and discusses the mechanisms underlying the regulation of host Th1/Th2 immune responses and the regulatory mechanisms of host immune cells, immune molecules and complement system by calreticulin, so as to provide new insights into management of helminthiasis.

Key words: Parasitic helminth, Calreticulin, Immune response, Immune evasion

中图分类号:

R383

赵昱源, 王思睿, 王梦奇, 段蕊, 何沛霞, 孙树民. 寄生性蠕虫钙网蛋白及其在免疫中作用的研究进展[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2025, 43(3): 416-422.

ZHAO Yuyuan, WANG Sirui, WANG Mengqi, DUAN Rui, HE Peixia, SUN Shumin. Research progress on calreticulin in parasitic helminths and its role in immunity[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2025, 43(3): 416-422.

图/表 3

图1

表1

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来源虫种	基因表达时期	功能	参考文献
日本血吸虫	高表达于幼虫期	刺激脾淋巴细胞的增殖，参与诱导DC成熟	[10]
马来布鲁线虫	定位于虫体组织内	结合C1q抑制补体经典激活途径	[13]
捻转血矛线虫	定位于排泄分泌产物	结合C-反应蛋白并使其失活，抑制补体激活途径	[26]
多房棘球绦虫	定位于幼虫体表及幼虫期排泄分泌物	抑制补体经典激活途径和C1q介导的肥大细胞迁移作用	[27]
锡兰钩虫	-	抑制致敏红细胞溶血，IL-4、IL-10表达量升高，IL-5和IFN-γ表达量降低	[28]
后睾吸虫	定位于生殖细胞和表皮细胞中	结合C1q抑制补体经典激活途径	[29]
旋毛虫	定位于虫体体表以及排泄分泌抗原	抑制补体MBL途径导致的C4b沉积，与C1q 结合使C4/C3生成减少，降低巨噬细胞的趋化活性和吞噬能力，产生高水平的Th1类细胞因子	[16,32,40]
猪带绦虫	高表达于配子和虫卵发育期间	IL-4 和 IL-5分泌增加	[41]
多形螺旋线虫	高表达于幼虫期（L4）	诱导宿主发生Th2应答，IL-12的分泌减少，抑制DCs的迁移能力	[42]

来源虫种	基因表达时期	疫苗保护力	参考文献
马来布鲁线虫	定位于虫体组织中	+	[6,13]
美洲钩口线虫	定位于虫体组织中	++	[50]
猪带绦虫	高表达于配子发育期间	+	[51]
旋毛虫	所有发育阶段均表达，定位于体表	+	[52]
重组曼氏血吸虫	主要定位于体表	-	[53]

寄生性蠕虫钙网蛋白及其在免疫中作用的研究进展

Research progress on calreticulin in parasitic helminths and its role in immunity

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