2014—2023年新疆生产建设兵团棘球蚴病流行特征分析

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2025.05.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的掌握2014—2023年新疆生产建设兵团棘球蚴病流行特征和趋势，为进一步做好棘球蚴病防控工作提供依据。方法自国家传染病报告信息管理系统中收集2014年1月1日—2023年12月31日报告的新疆生产建设兵团棘球蚴病病例，采用SPSS 26.0对数据进行描述性统计分析。率的比较采用卡方检验。结果 2014—2023年新疆生产建设兵团13个师共报告病例697例，无死亡病例，年均报告发病率为2.32/10万。报告病例数和报告发病率整体呈先升后降趋势，2017年达到峰值。报告病例主要分布在北疆的第四师（186例）、第八师（101例）、第九师（67例）和南疆的第三师（56例），累计占报告病例总数的58.8%（410/697）。北疆的报告发病率（2.77/10万）高于南疆（1.21/10万）（χ² = 66.353，P < 0.01）。男性报告病例368例、女性329例，年均报告发病率分别为2.34/10万和2.29/10万，差异无统计学意义（χ² = 0.097，P > 0.05）。报告病例平均年龄42.6岁，其中最小年龄2岁、最大年龄97岁；报告病例数最多的年龄组是40~< 50岁（23.2%，162/697），其次是50~< 60岁（22.2%，155/697），不同年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义（χ² = 168.952，P < 0.01）。报告病例数最多的职业为农民（31.1%，217/697），其次是离退休人员（15.1%，105/697）。结论 2014—2023年新疆生产建设兵团棘球蚴病报告患病率整体呈现下降趋势，但仍然存在传播风险。

关键词: 棘球蚴病, 新疆生产建设兵团, 流行特征

Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of echinococcosis in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 2014 to 2023, and to provide insights for further prevention and control of echinococcosis. Methods Echinococcosis cases reported in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2023, were collected from the National Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System. Descriptive statistical analysis of the data was performed with SPSS 26.0. Chi-square test was used for comparison of rates. Results A total of 697 cases were reported in 13 divisions of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 2014 to 2023, with no deaths, and the annual average incidence was 2.32/10⁵. The incidence showed an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing over the years, peaking in 2017. The reported cases were mainly distributed in the 4th division (186 cases), 8th division (101 cases), and 9th division (67 cases) in Northern Xinjiang, and the 3rd division (56 cases) in Southern Xinjiang, accounting for 58.8% (410/697) of the total reported cases. The reported incidence in the Northern Xinjiang (2.77/10⁵) was higher than that in the southern Xinjiang (1.21/10⁵) (χ² = 66.353, P < 0.01). There were 368 male and 329 female reported cases. The average annual incidence was 2.34/10⁵ for males and 2.29/10⁵ for females, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ² = 0.097, P > 0.05). The mean age of the reported cases was 42.6 years (range 2 to 97 years), with the highest proportion at ages of 40-< 50 years (23.2%, 162/697), followed by 50-< 60 years (22.2%, 155/697), and the incidence among different age groups was statistically significant (χ² = 168.952, P < 0.001). The largest occupational group was farmers (31.1%, 217/697), followed by retirees (15.1%, 105/697). Conclusion The reported prevalence of echinococcosis in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps showed an overall downward trend from 2014 to 2023; however, a risk of transmission persists.

Key words: Echinococcosis, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corp, Epidemiological characteristics

中图分类号:

R532.32

于亚乐, 巩盼龙, 赵倩, 成彦彪, 田思扬, 王童敏. 2014—2023年新疆生产建设兵团棘球蚴病流行特征分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2025, 43(5): 614-618.

YU Yale, GONG Panlong, ZHAO Qian, CHENG Yanbiao, TIAN Siyang, WANG Tongmin. Epidemiological characteristics of echinococcosis in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 2014 to 2023[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2025, 43(5): 614-618.

图/表 4

图1

表1

2014—2023年新疆生产建设兵团棘球蚴病报告病例地区分布

地区 Region			2014				2015				2016				2017				2018
地区 Region			报告病例数 No. reported case	占比/% Proportion/%			报告病例数 No. reported case		占比/% Proportion/%		报告病例数 No. reported case		占比/% Proportion/%		报告病例数 No. reported case		占比/% Proportion/%		报告病例数 No. reported case		占比/% Proportion/%
南疆 South Xinjiang
第一师 The 1st division			-	-			1		1.7		5		6.5		1		1.0		4		4.9
第二师 The 2nd division			4	5.1			1		1.7		1		1.3		3		3.0		2		2.4
第三师 The 3rd division			7	8.9			3		5.2		6		7.8		9		8.9		6		7.3
第十四师 The 14th division			2	2.5			-		-		1		1.3		-		-		-		-
小计 Subtotal			13	16.5			5		8.6		13		16.9		13		12.9		12		14.6
北疆 North Xinjiang
第四师 The 4th division			22	27.8			20		34.4		18		23.3		29		28.7		18		22.0
第五师 The 5th division			4	5.1			2		3.4		2		2.6		3		3.0		8		9.8
第六师 The 6th division			8	10.1			5		8.6		8		10.4		8		7.9		4		4.9
第七师 The 7th division			3	3.8			1		1.7		7		9.1		5		5.0		4		4.9
第八师 The 8th division			12	15.2			12		20.7		8		10.4		19		18.8		12		14.6
第九师 The 9th division			7	8.9			5		8.6		9		11.7		8		7.9		9		11.0
第十师 The 10th division			6	7.6			5		8.6		5		6.5		6		5.9		13		15.8
第十二师 The 12th division			1	1.2			-		-		2		2.6		1		1.0		-		-
第十三师 The 13th division			3	3.8			3		5.2		5		6.5		9		8.9		2		2.4
小计 Total			66	83.5			53		91.4		64		83.1		88		87.1		70		85.4
合计 Total			79	100			58		100		77		100		101		100		82		100
地区 Region	2019				2020			2021				2022				2023				合计 Total
地区 Region	报告病例数 No. reported case	占比/% Proportion/%			报告病例数 No. reported case	占比/% Proportion/%		报告病例数 No. reported case		占比/% Proportion/%		报告病例数 No. reported case		占比/% Proportion/%		报告病例数 No. reported case		占比/% Proportion/%		报告病例数 No. reported case	占比/% Proportion/%
南疆 South Xinjiang
第一师 The 1st division	3	4.1			2	3.6		-		-		6		11.8		1		1.8		23	3.3
第二师 The 2nd division	5	6.7			2	3.6		2		3.1		2		3.9		1		1.8		23	3.3
第三师 The 3rd division	3	4.1			5	9.2		9		13.8		4		7.8		4		7.3		56	8.1
第十四师 The 14th division	-	-			1	1.8		-		-		1		2.0		-		-		5	0.7
小计 Subtotal	11	14.9			10	18.2		11		16.9		13		25.5		6		10.9		107	15.4
北疆 North Xinjiang
第四师 The 4th division	21	28.4			19	34.5		17		26.1		12		23.5		10		18.2		186	26.7
第五师 The 5th division	11	14.9			4	7.3		4		6.2		4		7.8		6		10.9		48	6.9
第六师 The 6th division	4	5.4			-	-		4		6.2		3		5.9		6		10.9		50	7.2
第七师 The 7th division	5	6.7			2	3.6		5		7.7		3		5.9		8		14.6		43	6.2
第八师 The 8th division	11	14.9			6	10.9		6		9.2		9		17.6		6		10.9		101	14.5
第九师 The 9th division	5	6.7			8	14.5		8		12.3		3		5.9		5		9.1		67	9.6
第十师 The 10th division	2	2.7			3	5.5		3		4.6		2		3.9		2		3.6		47	6.7
第十二师 The 12th division	-	-			-	-		2		3.1		1		2.0		1		1.8		8	1.1
第十三师 The 13th division	4	5.4			3	5.5		5		7.7		1		2.0		5		9.1		40	5.7
小计 Subtotal	63	85.1			45	81.8		54		83.1		38		74.5		49		89.1		590	84.6
合计 Total	74	100			55	100		65		100		51		100		55		100		697	100

表1

图2

表2

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特征 Characteristics	报告病例数 No. reported case	占比/% Proportion/%
性别 Sex
男 Male	368	52.8
女 Female	329	47.2
年龄组/岁 Age group/year
0~< 10	37	5.3
10~< 20	70	10.0
20~< 30	68	9.8
30~< 40	88	12.6
40~< 50	162	23.2
50~< 60	155	22.2
60~< 70	68	9.8
70~< 80	39	5.6
≥ 80	10	1.4
职业 Occupation
幼托儿童 Child in care	4	0.6
散居儿童 Diaspora children	11	1.6
学生 Student	93	13.3
教师 Teacher	6	0.9
餐饮食品业 Catering and food industry	2	0.3
商业服务 Businessmen	18	2.6
医务人员 Medical personnel	7	1.0
工人 Factory worker	83	11.9
民工 Migrant worker	2	0.3
农民 Farmer	217	31.1
牧民 Herdsman	23	3.3
干部职员 Cadre	19	2.7
离退人员 Retired people	105	15.1
家务及待业 Domestic unemployment	81	11.6
其他 Other	26	3.7
合计 Total	697	100