海南岛土源性线虫病流行特征变化与防治历程

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2025.02.016

中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 252-259.doi: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2025.02.016

海南岛土源性线虫病流行特征变化与防治历程

许光达¹()(), 曾文², 黄晓敏², 李雨春²^,^*()()

1 海南医科大学公共卫生学院，海南海口 571199
2 海南省疾病预防控制中心，海南海口 571129

收稿日期:2024-08-22 修回日期:2024-11-30 出版日期:2025-04-30 发布日期:2025-04-21
通讯作者: * 李雨春（ORCID：0000-0001-6951-4403），男，硕士，副研究员，从事疟疾等寄生虫病研究。E-mail：yuchunlee@126.com
作者简介:许光达（ORCID：0009-0005-5539-1058），男，硕士研究生，从事流行病统计与生物信息研究。E-mail：1340219523@qq.com
基金资助:
海南卫生科技联合项目(WSJK2024MS167)

Changes in the epidemiological characteristics and control progress of soil-transmitted nematodiasis in Hainan Island

XU Guangda¹()(), ZENG Wen², HUANG Xiaomin², LI Yuchun²^,^*()()

1 School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
2 Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 571129, Hainan, China

Received:2024-08-22 Revised:2024-11-30 Online:2025-04-30 Published:2025-04-21
Contact: * E-mail：yuchunlee@126.com
Supported by:
Health Science & Technology Joint Program in Hainan Province(WSJK2024MS167)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

海南岛位于中国热带地区，气候和自然环境条件适宜多种土源性线虫病传播。本文回顾和总结了海南岛近70年土源性线虫的感染率变化、土源性线虫病的防控措施及效果。海南岛人群土源性线虫感染率自1991年的94.7%下降至2023年的4.1%。3次全国人体寄生虫病调查和省级监测结果显示，海南岛土源性线虫感染在空间分布上呈中部山区高于其他区域；人群分布中，女性感染率高于男性，5~9岁儿童、10~14岁青少年和60~69岁、70岁及以上老年人群感染率高于其他年龄组人群，农民、学生和学龄前儿童感染率高于其他职业人群。海南岛土源性线虫病防治历程先后经历了小规模群查群治试点防治、大规模群防群治和重点人群防治等3个阶段，主要防治措施包括大规模寄生虫感染情况调查、群体服药驱虫、改水改厕、群众健康教育和示范区试点等。当前海南岛土源性线虫感染率已处于较低水平，但传播控制和传播阻断工作仍需要持续开展，今后将采取包括扩大监测范围等多项措施实现精准防治。

关键词: 土源性线虫病, 流行特征, 防治历程, 海南岛

Abstract:

Hainan Island locates in tropical regions of China, and the climatic and natural environmental conditions are feasible for transmission of multiple types of soil-transmitted nematodiases. This review summarizes the changes in the prevalence of soil-transmitted nematode infections, soil-transmitted nematodiasis control measures and the effectiveness of these control measures in Hainan Island during the past 70 years. The prevalence of soil-transmitted nematode human infections decreased from 94.7% in 1991 to 4.1% in 2023 in Hainan Island. Results from three national surveys on human parasitic diseases and provincial disease surveillance programmes showed a higher prevalence rate of soil-transmitted nematode infections in central mountainous regions than in other regions, a higher prevalence rate among women than among men, a higher prevalence rate among children at ages of 5 to 9 years, adolescents at ages of 10 to 14 years and the elderly at ages of 60 to 69 years and 70 years and greater than among resident at other age groups, and a higher prevalence rate among farmers, students and preschool children than among humans with other occupations. There are three stages of soil-transmitted nematodiasis control programmes in Hainan Island, including small-scale mass examinations and treatment, large-scale mass prevention and treatment, and prevention and treatment of high-risk populations, and the major control measures included large-scale surveys on parasitic infections, mass drug administration, improvements in water and sanitation, health education, and pilot construction of demonstration areas. Currently, the prevalence of soil-transmitted nematode infections is low in Hainan Island; however, sustainable control programmes are required to achieve transmission control and interruption of soil-transmitted nematodiasis. Future multiple control efforts are recommended, including expansion of surveillance regions, to achieve precision control of soil-transmitted nematodiasis.

Key words: Soil-transmitted nematodiasis, Epidemiological characteristic, Control progress, Hainan Island

中图分类号:

R532.1

许光达, 曾文, 黄晓敏, 李雨春. 海南岛土源性线虫病流行特征变化与防治历程[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2025, 43(2): 252-259.

XU Guangda, ZENG Wen, HUANG Xiaomin, LI Yuchun. Changes in the epidemiological characteristics and control progress of soil-transmitted nematodiasis in Hainan Island[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2025, 43(2): 252-259.

图/表 2

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海南岛土源性线虫病流行特征变化与防治历程

Changes in the epidemiological characteristics and control progress of soil-transmitted nematodiasis in Hainan Island

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