Contamination of Cryptosporidium and Giardia lamblia in water from Binyang County and Lingshan County in Guangxi

Abstract

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo investigate the contamination of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in water from Binyang County and Lingshan County in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Methods Standard quality-control samples were used to compare the recovery rate of Cryptosporidium oocyst and Giardia cyst by calcium carbonate flocculation method and that by membrane filtration, with reference to the National Standard Method. In addition, water samples from 10 tap water suppliers in Binyang (suppliers A, B, C, D and E) and Lingshan (suppliers F, G, H, I and J) counties were collected in 2016 and 2017, including water flowing into and out from the suppliers. Calcium carbonate flocculation method was used to concentrate Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in water flowing into the suppliers, while membrane filtration was used to concentrate Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in water flowing out from the suppliers. Immunomagnetic separation and immunofluorescence staining were then performed to detect the two types of parasites in water, and their densities were calculated. Results The recovery rates of Cryptosporidium oocyst and Giardia cyst in standard quality control samples using calcium carbonate flocculation were 48.5% and 52.0%, respectively, and those by membrane filtration were 35.0% and 36.5%, both performed better than the National Standard Method(15.0% and 16.0%) (calcium carbonate flocculation vs. Standard Method:χ² = 26.007, 28.877, P < 0.01; membrane filtration vs. Standard Method:χ² = 8.167, 11.019, P < 0.01). In addition, 10 tap water suppliers were selected, from each of which 2 water samples flowing into and 2 water samples flowing out were collected. The densities of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the water sample flowing into supplier A, water samples flowing into and out from supplier B, and water samples flowing out from suppliers C and F were 4.0/10 L, 10.0/10 L, 0.6/10 L, 2.9/10 L and 5.1/10 L, respectively. The density of Giardia cysts in water sample flowing out from suppliers F was 9.3/10 L. No Cryptosporidium or Giardia was detected in other water samples. Conclusion There are certain contaminations of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in water flowing into or out from water suppliers in Binyang and Lingshan counties. Monitoring on the contamination in rural areas should be strengthened.

Key words: Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia, Calcium carbonate flocculation, Membrane filtration, Concentration, Water

CLC Number:

R382

Sheng-kui CAO, Yan-yan JIANG, Zhong-ying YUAN, Meng XU, Jian-ping CAO, Yi-chao YANG, Yu-juan SHEN. Contamination of Cryptosporidium and Giardia lamblia in water from Binyang County and Lingshan County in Guangxi[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2018, 36(6): 597-601.

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