Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Xinjiang. Methods The information of reported malaria cases and epidemiological records from various sources in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2004 to 2015 was collected. The epidemiological characteristics of malaria cases were analyzed. Results Seventy-seven malaria cases were reported in Xinjiang from 2004 to 2015, and all were imported cases. In detail, 42 cases （54.5%） were reported during the time period of 2004-2009, with 24 laboratory diagnosed and 18 clinically diagnosed; 35 cases （45.5%） were reported from 2010 to 2015, with 27 laboratory diagnosed and 8 clinically diagnosed. Among the 51 cases with laboratory diagnosis, 18 were falciparum malaria, 31 were vivax malaria, and 2 unidentified. The male-to-female ratio was 6.7 ∶ 1（P<0.05）. The age range of the patients was 14-75 years （39.7 ± 13.3 years）, comprising 26.0% （20/77） for the range of 31-40 years and 24.7% （19/77） for the range of 41-50（P>0.05 among the age groups）. From the perspective of case sources, 28 cases （36.4%） were imported from Africa and 49 cases（63.6%） from Asia (including other provinces of China). The interval from onset to final diagnosis ranged 1-320 days. Only 3 patients（3.9%） were diagnosed within 24 h, and 59 patients（76.6%） were not diagnosed until or over one week. In addition, 28 cases（36.4%） were reported by medical institutions at the provincial level, 15 cases（19.5%） were reported by medical institutions at the prefecture level, 5 cases（6.5%） were reported by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the rest 29 cases（37.7%） were reported at the county level or below. No secondary transmission was found. Conclusion Most of the imported malaria cases during 2004-2015 were diagnosed with laboratory tests, reported by medical institutions, and were from Africa and Asia.

Key words: Malaria, Imported case, Epidemiology, Xinjiang