Abstract: The whole blood sample from a patient with imported falciparum malaria was tested by microscopic examination and fluorescence quantitative PCR. Microscopic examination results showed that Plasmodium falciparum parasites were found in the thick and thin blood films with a low parasite density of 240 parasite/μl of blood. The specific DNA fragment of P. falciparum was amplified by fluorescence quantitative PCR， and this case was further confirmed as P. falciparum infection.

Key words: Imported malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, Microscopic examination, Fluorescence quantitative PCR, Diagnosis