Abstract: 　Objective To investigate the natural and socio economical environment in the areas where Anopheles anthropophagus distributed in Hubei Province. Methods 5% of the villages in distribution area of An. anthropophagus were randomly selected for the investigation which included vegetation, soil, water, temperature, farming, resting places of the mosquito. Results The vegetation of An. anthropophagus area consisted of forest, bush,sod and crops. The area was densely covered with river, ditches and ponds, the water pH being 6.1～7.7. The soil texture was either yellow, yellow brown, grey or black, contained 2.72% organic material. There were one or two seasons of rice plantation in the area and the amount of insecticide used was 0.828 kg/mu in the rice field. The annual average temperature was 16.9 ℃ and the humidity was 76.9%. The breed period of An. anthropophagus was from June to September. There are two peaks of mosquito population in area with two seasons of rice plantation, and one peak in one rice season. The composition of An. anthropophagus resting in households, cowsheds and pigpens was 80.9%,12.2% and 6.0%, respectively. Conclusion The distribution of An. anthropophagus was in point, flaky or belt form in low hill, hillock, shallow hilly plain. These areas were full of vegetation and source of water, the principal crop was single cropping of rice, and soil texture is yellow or yellow brown. The major resting place of the mosquito was human dwellings.

Key words: Anopheles anthropophagus, distribution, environmental factor