Abstract: A survey was made in 110 pilot sites in 10 counties of Shanghai suburbs for studying relationship between human intestinal parasitic infections and environmental and socioeconomic factors. Statistical analysis of data obtained showed that the overall infection rate of intestinal parasites was 45.7%(28 398/62 136). The rate was significantly higher in rural people (53.3%) than in town residents (20.8%)( P 0.001). The infection rate was found to decrease with the increase of farmers ’ income, but to increase concomitantly with the illiteracy proportion. Furthermore, people taking tap water were less frequently infected as compared with those drinking water from wells or rivers. In addition, sanitary environment was important in prevention of parasitic infections. The prevalence of Ascaris and Trichuris infections was higher in regions where grain and cotton were grown, while that of hookworm was higher in vegetable growing areas. Emphasis of health education as well as improvement of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation was suggested as important control measures in regions with inadequate hygienic facilities.