Abstract: Abstract A surevy of intestinal parasitic infections in children was conducted in pilot areas of Inner Mongolia. A total of 10 420 children below 15 years of age were under study, and 3 134 of them were found positive, with an infection rate of 30.1%. The parasite species with respective infection rate were recorded as : Ascaris lumbricoides 17.2%, Enterobius vermicularis 13.0%, Taenia sp. 0.2% Trichuris trichiura 0.2%, Ancylostoma duodenale 0.1%, Entamoeba histolytica 1.6%, Entamoeba coli 1.3%, Giardia lamblia 0.4%, Endolimax nana 0.3%, Iodamoeba buetschlii 0.2%, and Entamobea hartmanni 0.03%. In Kalami Banner and Jiaohan Banner, the infection rates in childeren were as high as 73.2% and 77.0%, respectively; the situation was associated with the warm climate, high humidity and the pastoral landscape. The results of the survey demonstrated that Ascaris lumbricoides and Enterobius vermicularis were 2 major species parasitizing local children; besides, polyparsitism was common(15%) in children. A suggestion was thus made that parasitic disease control in the study area should be concentrated on childern below 15 years old, and health eductaion should be taken as one of the important practices.