Abstract: In accordance with the standardized procedures set up in the nationwide survey, fecal examination was pursued in 60 pilot sites of 21 counties in Inner Mongolia. Of the 30 713 persons subjected to the study, 1 301 (4.2%) were revealed to have protozoan infections. Six species of protozoa were detected with infection rate shown in parenthesis, i.e., Entamoeba histolytica (1.8%), Entamoeba coli (1.7%), Giardia lamblia (0.2%), Iodamoeba buetschlii (0.2%), Endolimax nana (0.2%), Entamoeba hartmanni (0.04%). Illustration was made on the landscape and population based distribution of the former three species. The situation of prevalence presented in the study might arouse critical awareness of health institutions concerned.