The origin, connotation and prospect of One Health

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2022.01.001

Abstract

Abstract:

With the acceleration of globalization, increased migration, the rapid development of international trade and tourism, and the intensified environmental changes, complex health problems and the resulting public crises frequently occur, which population health at serious risk as well as the animals and plants. People became aware of the close connections between human health, animal health, and the ecological system, from which the new concept and connotation of health have emerged. Under the guidance of this new concept, starting from a holistic view of “human-animal-environment” health, and with multi-institutional, interdisciplinary, and cross-regional collaboration, people began to use the theory of One Health to solve complicated health problems. In this paper, we systematically expound the One Health concept from three levels: the origin, connotation and prospect, and propose a framework of One Health connotation system to explore the ways to achieve One Health and predict the future direction of One Health.

Key words: One Health, One Health science, One Health governance, Human and natural life community

CLC Number:

LIU Jing-shu, ZHANG Xiao-xi, GUO Xiao-kui. The origin, connotation and prospect of One Health[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2022, 40(1): 1-11.

Figures/Tables 3

国家	成立时间	成立以“全健康”命名的机构	以“全健康”理念指导实践
美国
联邦政府	-	美国疾病与预防控制中心（Center for Disease Control and Prevention,CDC）下成立全健康办公室	运用全健康理念指导美国的实践活动
	2019年	美国食品药物管理局（U.S. Food and Drug Administration,FDA）成立全健康促进委员会（One Health Steering Committee,OHSC）	是美国政府部门不同机构在全健康领域研究和实践的协调组织
	-	-	美国国际开发署（U.S. Agency for International Development,USAID）设立全球健康项目（Global Health）,给予全健康项目支持
	-	-	美国农业部、美国CDC、美国NIH等机构合作,运用“全健康”理念指导全美的农业活动
	-	-	美国国家公园管理局用“全健康”理念指导实践活动
各州政府	2013年	-	肯塔基州公共卫生部门、鱼类和野生动物资源部门、农业部门以及联盟政府农业部采用全健康理念指导该州的农业实践活动
	2016年	明尼苏达州全健康抗生素管理合作组织	该组织运用全健康理念增进对抗生素管理的了解,改善人类和动物滥用抗生素现象
	-	田纳西州成立全健康委员会,参与机构包括田纳西州卫生局、田纳西州农业部、田纳西州野生动物资源局、田纳西州环境与自然保护部以及美国农业部,并开设以全健康域名命名的政府网站	健康委员会主要运用“全健康”理念来指导该州在农业方面的实践
加拿大	-	-	加拿大公共卫生局运用全健康理念监测食源性疾病流行趋势、食品安全法规等内容
英国	-	英国环境、食品和农村事务部联合皇家兽医学院等机构成立全健康网络评价平台	英国卫生部、农业部、环境、食品和农村事务部、食品标准局发布《“One Health”报告：关于抗生素使用和抗生素耐药性研究》
阿富汗	-	阿富汗公共卫生部国家公共卫生研究所（Afghanistan National Public Health Institute,ANPHI）和农业灌溉部下动物卫生局联合建立阿富汗全健康中心（The Afghan One Health Hub）,是南亚全健康网络中心（One Health Network South Asia）的构成单位	ANPHI与其他非营利性组织合作,共同开展动物和人类流行病区域培训项目
巴基斯坦	-	巴基斯坦国立卫生研究院和巴基斯坦农业研究委员会联合成立全健康中心（The One Health Hub Pakistan,OHHP）,是南亚全健康网络中心的构成单位	该组织参与对人类和动物均具有影响的流行病的监控
尼泊尔	-	尼泊尔流行病和疾病控制中心（Epidemiology and Disease Control Division,EDCD）、卫生和人口部、农业部联合成立尼泊尔全健康中心（The Nepal One Health Hub）,是南亚全健康网络中心的构成单位	该组织主要负责监控和研究影响人类和动物健康的新发和再发传染病,及相关政策建议
孟加拉国	-	孟加拉国流行病与疾病研究控制所（Institute of Epidemiology and Disease Control and Research,IEDCR）和畜牧业和渔业部联合建立孟加拉国全健康中心（The One Health Hub Bangladesh）,是南亚全健康网络中心的构成单位	该组织主要开展医学和兽医学流行病及其他人兽共患病的研究
印度	-	-	One Health Hub India主要负责监控和研究影响人类和动物健康的新发和再发传染病
斯里兰卡	-	斯里兰卡卫生部、斯里兰卡畜牧业部和农业部联合成立斯里兰卡全健康中心（The Sri Lanka One Health Hub）,是南亚全健康网络的构成单位	该组织主要开展医学和兽医学流行病及其他人兽共患病的研究

类型	名称	成立时间	内容
以“全健康”命名的组织	One Health Initiative	2006年	由全健康理念推崇者自发建立的组织,其主要目的是在全球范围内宣传和推广全健康理念,并于2008年推出OHI网站
	Artemis One Health Research Foundation	-	是一个非营利性组织,致力于通过研究发病机制和物种之间的传播机制,来制定有效的干预策略,以增进对影响人类和动物健康的传染病的认识
	Connecticut Global One Health Coalition	-	是一个私人、非营利性组织,提供全健康相关课程、实践活动和宣传教育活动
	One Health Commission	2009年	非营利性组织,由洛克菲勒基金会赞助成立,与美国科学院建立合作伙伴关系
	One Health Initiative Task Force	2016年	由美国医学会、美国兽医学会和一些其他专业协会建立
以“全健康”指导实践的组织	EcoHealth Alliance	成立超过45年	是一个全球性关注全健康的非盈利性组织,旨在保护野生动物和人类健康免受疾病侵袭
	Chatham House Centre Global Health Security (CGHS)	2000年	是一位于伦敦的非营利非政府的智库组织,该智库就全球卫生安全向包括WHO、FAO、OIE、联合国和非洲CDC在内的国际组织提供咨询服务
	Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF)	2000年	旨在通过增强发展中国家民间社会力量来加强全球生物多样性物种保护,已经向全球2 400个民间社会组织和个人提供合计超过2.32亿美元的赠款和技术援助
	EcoHealth International	-	是一个非营利性组织
	The Canadian Foundation for Animal Assisted Support Services (CFAS)	2014年开始推广全健康理念	是一个私人、非盈利性质、注册慈善机构。主要提供全健康相关知识的培训、信息交流等服务,资金来自于公共捐赠、赞助、筹款活动
	Connecticut Global One Health Coalition	-	是一个私人、非营利性组织,组织和宣传全健康理念和活动,提供全健康政策建议等
	Comparatively for Tanzania Elites Community Organizers (CTECO)	-	坦桑尼亚一家非政府性全健康研究组织,资金来源主要来自于会员会费及全球减灾民间社会组织网络（Global Network of Civil Society Organisations for Disaster Reduction,GNDR）组织的捐赠,主要面向坦桑尼亚国内社区人群传播和推广全健康理念
	One Health Commission	2018年	Oslo大学倡办,联合全球多方面的专家,共同完成实践为基础的One Health分析文章
	SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute (SDGHI)	2018年	由SingHealth杜克-新加坡国立大学医学院共同成立,利用 SingHealth杜克-新加坡国立大学学术医学中心的优势和专业知识,与其合作伙伴网络合作推进该地区的全球健康活动

References 63

[1]	World Health Organization. Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development[EB/OL]. (2015-09-25)[2021-12-27]. https://www.un.org/zh/documents/treaty/files/A-RES-70-1.shtml#4.
[2]	World Health Organization. Tripartite and UNEP support OHHLEP's definition of “One Health”[EB/OL]. (2021-12-01)[2021-12-27]. https://www.who.int/news/item/01-12-2021-tripartite-and-unep-support-ohhlep-s-definition-of-one-health.
[3]	Yang SD, Hui N. Research progress in ecological civilization construction abroad[J]. Ecol Econ, 2017, 33(5): 181-185. (in Chinese)
	(杨世迪, 惠宁. 国外生态文明建设研究进展[J]. 生态经济, 2017, 33(5): 181-185.)
[4]	Sun WZ. A summary of research documents on the third industrial revolution[J]. J Part Admin Cad, 2019(4): 40-47. (in Chinese)
	(孙伟祖. 第三次工业革命研究文献综述[J]. 党政干部学刊, 2019 (4): 40-47.
[5]	Guo SQ. Reflections on the environmental law of the fourth industrial revolution[J]. Qingh Soc Sci, 2021(3): 150-157. (in Chinese)
	(郭少青. 第四次工业革命的环境法辨思[J]. 青海社会科学, 2021(3): 150-157.)
[6]	Zhang H. Look backs on the nucleic acids research in the first half of 20th century and analyze a number of issues[D]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2010: 1. (in Chinese)
	(张翮. 20世纪上半叶核酸研究回顾及若干问题探析[D]. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学, 2010: 1.)
[7]	Wang RK. Life science research concept and methodology revolution and its influence[J]. J Med Res, 2006, 35(1): 4-11. (in Chinese)
	(王汝宽. 生命科学研究理念和方法学革命及其影响[J]. 医学研究杂志, 2006, 35(1): 4-11.)
[8]	Degeling C, Kerridge I. Hendra in the news: public policy meets public morality in times of zoonotic uncertainty[J]. Soc Sci Med, 2013, 82: 156-163. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.12.024 pmid: 23294874
[9]	Bulletin of the World Health Organization. William Karesh: championing “One Health”[J]. Bull World Health Organ, 2020, 98(10): 652-653. doi: 10.2471/BLT.20.031020
[10]	Wu LL, Chen Q, Liu KF, et al. Broad host range of SARS-CoV-2 and the molecular basis for SARS-CoV-2 binding to cat ACE2[J]. Cell Discov, 2020, 6: 68. doi: 10.1038/s41421-020-00210-9
[11]	Hammer AS, Quaade ML, Rasmussen TB, et al. SARS-CoV-2 transmission between mink (Neovison vison) and humans, Denmark[J]. Emerg Infect Dis, 2021, 27(2): 547-551. doi: 10.3201/eid2702.203794
[12]	Han J, Zhang X, He S, et al. Can the coronavirus disease be transmitted from food? A review of evidence, risks, policies and knowledge gaps[J]. Environ Chem Lett, 2021, 19(1): 5-16. doi: 10.1007/s10311-020-01101-x
[13]	Tan H. On the view of health in ancient China[J]. Sich Sport Sci, 1995(2): 1-4. (in Chinese)
	(谭华. 论中国古代的健康观[J]. 四川体育科学, 1995(2): 1-4.)
[14]	Xiong XZ, Lin DY. Theory of vitality and metabolism: a comparative research on health concept of ancient Chinese and Greeks[J]. J Beijing Sport Univ, 2007, 30(10): 1297-1302. (in Chinese)
	(熊晓正, 林登辕. 元气论与代谢说:中希古代健康观念的比较[J]. 北京体育大学学报, 2007, 30(10): 1297-1302.)
[15]	Tountas Y. The historical origins of the basic concepts of health promotion and education: the role of ancient Greek philosophy and medicine[J]. Health Promot Int, 2009, 24(2): 185-192. doi: 10.1093/heapro/dap006 pmid: 19304737
[16]	Conti AA. Historical evolution of the concept of health in Western medicine[J]. Acta Biomed, 2018, 89(3): 352-354.
[17]	World Health Organization. The first ten years of the World Health Organization[EB/OL]. (1958)[2021-12-27]. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/37089.
[18]	World Health Organization. Ottawa Charter[EB/OL].(1986)[2021-12-27]. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/25655/A60_18-ch.pdf.
[19]	Black PF, Butler CD. One Health in a world with climate change[J]. Rev Sci Tech, 2014, 33(2): 465-473. doi: 10.20506/rst.issue.33.2.56
[20]	Sterk A, Schijven J, de Nijs T, et al. Direct and indirect effects of climate change on the risk of infection by water-transmitted pathogens[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2013, 47(22): 12648-12660. doi: 10.1021/es403549s
[21]	Winslow CE. The untilled fields of public health[J]. Science, 1920, 51(1306): 23-33. pmid: 17838891
[22]	Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, et al. Towards a common definition of global health[J]. Lancet, 2009, 373(9679): 1993-1995. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9
[23]	Zinsstag J, Schelling E, Waltner-Toews D, et al. From “one medicine” to “one health” and systemic approaches to health and well-being[J]. Prev Vet Med, 2011, 101(3/4): 148-156. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.07.003
[24]	Huang Q. Academician Chen Guo-qiang: consideration of “One Health” concept amid pandemic[J]. Xinmin Week, 2020(10): 26-29. (in Chinese)
	(黄祺. 陈国强院士: 全球疫情大流行下思考“全健康”[J]. 新民周刊, 2020(10): 26-29.)
[25]	Guo ZR. The urgency of strengthening the veterinarian’s role in China’s public health system through One Health approach[J]. Chin J Vet Sci, 2020, 40(4): 842-849. (in Chinese)
	(郭志儒. 加强兽医职能, 建立“一个健康”公共卫生体系已刻不容缓[J]. 中国兽医学报, 2020, 40(4): 842-849.)
[26]	MacKenzie JS, Jeggo M. The One Health approach: why is it so important?[J]. Trop Med Infect Dis, 2019, 4(2): 88.
[27]	Allen K, Shykoff BE, Izzo JL Jr. Pet ownership, but not ace inhibitor therapy, blunts home blood pressure responses to mental stress[J]. Hypertension, 2001, 38(4): 815-820. pmid: 11641292
[28]	Borgi M, Loliva D, Cerino S, et al. Effectiveness of a standardized equine-assisted therapy program for children with autism spectrum disorder[J]. J Autism Dev Disord, 2016, 46(1): 1-9. doi: 10.1007/s10803-015-2530-6
[29]	Friedman E, Krause-Parello CA. Companion animals and human health: benefits, challenges, and the road ahead for human-animal interaction[J]. Rev Sci Tech, 2018, 37(1): 71-82. doi: 10.20506/rst.issue.37.1.2735
[30]	Le Roux MC, Kemp R. Effect of a companion dog on depression and anxiety levels of elderly residents in a long-term care facility[J]. Psychogeriatrics, 2009, 9(1): 23-26. doi: 10.1111/psy.2009.9.issue-1
[31]	Cutt HE, Giles-Corti B, Wood LJ, et al. Barriers and motivators for owners walking their dog: results from qualitative research[J]. Health Promot J Austr, 2008, 19(2): 118-124. doi: 10.1071/HE08118
[32]	Costanza R, Pérez-Maqueo O, Martinez ML, et al. The value of coastal wetlands for hurricane protection[J]. Ambio: A J Hum Environ, 2008, 37(4): 241-248. doi: 10.1579/0044-7447(2008)37[241:TVOCWF]2.0.CO;2
[33]	Wade TJ, Sandhu SK, Levy D, et al. Did a severe flood in the Midwest cause an increase in the incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms?[J]. Am J Epidemiol, 2004, 159(4): 398-405. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwh050
[34]	Rajagopalan S, Al-Kindi SG, Brook RD. Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: JACC state-of-the-art review[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2018, 72(17): 2054-2070. doi: S0735-1097(18)38355-4 pmid: 30336830
[35]	Bouchama A, Knochel JP. Heat stroke[J]. N Engl J Med, 2002, 346(25): 1978-1988. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra011089
[36]	Milani C, Duranti S, Bottacini F, et al. The first microbial colonizers of the human gut: composition, activities, and health implications of the infant gut microbiota[J]. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev, 2017, 81(4): e00036-17.
[37]	Mittal VA, Ellman LM, Cannon TD. Gene-environment interaction and covariation in schizophrenia: the role of obstetric complications[J]. Schizophr Bull, 2008, 34(6): 1083-1094. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbn080 pmid: 18635675
[38]	Barrett E, Ross RP, O’Toole PW, et al. Γ-aminobutyric acid production by culturable bacteria from the human intestine[J]. J Appl Microbiol, 2012, 113(2): 411-417. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05344.x pmid: 22612585
[39]	Man WH, de Steenhuijsen Piters WAA, Bogaert D. The microbiota of the respiratory tract: gatekeeper to respiratory health[J]. Nat Rev Microbiol, 2017, 15(5): 259-270. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro.2017.14
[40]	Goehler LE, Park SM, Opitz N, et al. Campylobacter jejuni infection increases anxiety-like behavior in the holeboard: possible anatomical substrates for viscerosensory modulation of exploratory behavior[J]. Brain Behav Immun, 2008, 22(3): 354-366. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2007.08.009 pmid: 17920243
[41]	Gray ND, Head IM. Microbial ecology[M]. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2008: 2357-2368.
[42]	Reid SA, Rodney A, Kama MK, et al. A process for developing multisectoral strategies for zoonoses: the case of leptospirosis in Fiji[J]. BMC Public Health, 2017, 17(1): 671. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4673-1
[43]	Victoriano AFB, Smythe LD, Gloriani-Barzaga N, et al. Leptospirosis in the Asia Pacific region[J]. BMC Infect Dis, 2009, 9: 147. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-9-147 pmid: 19732423
[44]	World Health Organization. Human leptospirosis: guidance for diagnosis, surveillance and control[EB/OL]. (2003-05-19)[2021-12-27]. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/42667/WHO_CDS_CSR_EPH_2002.23.pdf;sequence=1.
[45]	Babudieri B. Animal reservoirs of leptospires[J]. Ann NY Acad Sci, 1958, 70(3): 393-413. doi: 10.1111/nyas.1958.70.issue-3
[46]	Togami E, Kama MK, Goarant C, et al. A large leptospirosis outbreak following successive severe floods in Fiji, 2012[J]. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2018, 99(4): 849-851. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0335
[47]	Weekes CC, Everard CO, Levett PN. Seroepidemiology of canine leptospirosis on the island of Barbados[J]. Vet Microbiol, 1997, 57(2/3): 215-222. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1135(97)00127-2
[48]	Zhang SB, Chen YX. The development status and prospects of the big health industry[J]. Enterp Manag, 2021(9): 58-63. (in Chinese)
	(张三保, 陈堰轩. 大健康产业发展现状与前景[J]. 企业管理, 2021(9): 58-63.)
[49]	Huang HJ, Du CJ, Ge Q, et al. Analysis of the status and development trend of the big health industry[J]. Mod Bus, 2021(16): 46-48. (in Chinese)
	(黄华君, 杜长珏, 葛琦, 等. 大健康产业现状与发展趋势分析[J]. 现代商业, 2021(16): 46-48.)
[50]	Wildlife Conservation Society. One World, One Health: building interdisciplinary bridges to health in a globalized world[EB/OL]. (2004-09-29)[2021-12-27]. http://www.oneworldonehealth.org/sept2004/owoh_sept04.html.
[51]	Wang AN, Huang Q, Zhang YH, et al. “One Health”: an effective approach to food safety issues[J]. Chin J Food Hyg, 2015, 27(2): 155-158. (in Chinese)
	(王安娜, 黄琼, 张永慧, 等. “One Health”: 解决食品安全问题的有效途径[J]. 中国食品卫生杂志, 2015, 27(2): 155-158.)
[52]	One Health Initiative. One Health Initiative will unite human and veterinary medicine[EB/OL]. (2008)[2021-12-27]. https://onehealthinitiative.com/.
[53]	One Health Commission. Private, For-Profit, Corporations[EB/OL]. (2019)[2021-12-27]. https://www.onehealthcommission.org/en/why_one_health/history/
[54]	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. History[EB/OL]. (2016)[2021-12-27]. https://www.cdc.gov/onehealth/basics/history/index.html.
[55]	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Timeline: people and events in One Health[EB/OL]. (2016-10-25)[2021-12-27]. https://www.cdc.gov/onehealth/basics/history/index.html.
[56]	Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Shanghai Jiao Tong University-World Bank One Health Seminar held[EB/OL]. (2020-11-01)[2021-12-27]. https://www.shsmu.edu.cn/news/info/1002/19670.htm. (in Chinese)
	(上海交通大学医学院. 上海交通大学-世界银行全健康研讨会召开[EB/OL]. (2020-11-01)[2021-12-27]. https://www.shsmu.edu.cn/news/info/1002/19670.htm.
[57]	Lu JH, Hao YT. One Health: the human-animal-environment interfaces in emerging infectious diseases[M]. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2019. (in Chinese)
	(陆家海, 郝元涛. 同一健康与新发传染病[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2019.)
[58]	Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research School of Global Health. 2020 Global “One Health” Hainan Demonstration Project Expert Roundtable (Shanghai) Meeting held in Shanghai[EB/OL]. (2020-12-19)[2021-12-27]. https://www.shsmu.edu.cn/sgh/info/1225/1746.htm. (in Chinese)
	(上海交通大学医学院-国家热带病研究中心全球健康学院. 2020 全球“全健康”海南示范项目专家圆桌(上海)会议在沪举行[EB/OL]. (2020-12-19)[2021-12-27]. https://www.shsmu.edu.cn/sgh/info/1225/1746.htm.
[59]	Zhou XN, Guo XK, Xie Q. Advances in One Health[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press, 2021. (in Chinese)
	(周晓农, 郭晓奎, 谢青. 全健康科技进展[M]. 上海: 上海交通大学出版社, 2021.)
[60]	Taylor LH, Latham SM, Woolhouse ME. Risk factors for human disease emergence[J]. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 2001, 356(1411): 983-989. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2001.0888
[61]	Xi JP. To build a community of human and natural life together-a speech at the Leaders Summit on Climate[EB/OL]. (2021-04-22)[2021-12-27]. http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2021/content_5605101.htm.(in Chinese)
	(习近平. 共同构建人与自然生命共同体——在“领导人气候峰会”上的讲话[EB/OL]. (2021-04-22)[2021-12-27]. http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2021/content_5605101.htm.
[62]	United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization. Learning to become with the world: education for future survival[EB/OL]. (2020-11-10)[2021-12-27]. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000374923.
[63]	Xi JP. Hand in hand to build a community of human health: a speech at the Global Health Summit[EB/OL]. (2021-05-21)[2021-12-27]. http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2021/content_56-12964.htm.(in Chinese)
	(习近平. 共同构建人与自然生命共同体——在“领导人气候峰会”上的讲话[EB/OL]. (2021-05-21)[2021-12-27]. http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2021/content_5605101.htm.