新发传染病全球大流行的挑战与跨部门综合防控策略

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2024.03.001

中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 279-285.doi: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2024.03.001

新发传染病全球大流行的挑战与跨部门综合防控策略

谷思雨¹^,²(), 强讷¹^,², 李天韵¹^,², 韩乐飞¹^,², 周晓农¹^,²^,³^,^*()

1 上海交通大学医学院-国家热带病研究中心全球健康学院，上海 200025
2 上海交通大学-爱丁堡大学全健康研究中心，上海 200025
3 中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所（国家热带病研究中心），传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室，国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室，世界卫生组织热带病合作中心，科技部国家级热带病国际研究中心，上海 200025

收稿日期:2024-04-04 修回日期:2024-05-06 出版日期:2024-06-30 发布日期:2024-07-16
通讯作者: *周晓农（1962—），男，博士，研究员，从事医学寄生虫学研究。E-mail：zhouxn1@chinacdc.cn
作者简介:谷思雨（1997—），女，硕士研究生，从事全球传染病流行病学研究。E-mail：Gusiyu_cd@163.com
基金资助:
上海市“科技创新行动计划”“一带一路”国际合作项目热带病防治澜湄联合实验室(21410750200);上海市“科技创新行动计划”启明星培育（扬帆专项）(23YF1421200)

Challenges of the global pandemics of emerging infectious diseases and integrated intersectoral prevention strategy

GU Siyu¹^,²(), QIANG Ne¹^,², LI Tianyun¹^,², HAN Lefei¹^,², ZHOU Xiaonong¹^,²^,³^,^*()

1 School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
2 One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-the University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
3 National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200025, China

Received:2024-04-04 Revised:2024-05-06 Online:2024-06-30 Published:2024-07-16
Supported by:
International Joint Laboratory on Tropical Diseases Control in Greater Mekong Subregion of Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(21410750200);Shanghai Science and Technology Development Foundation(23YF1421200)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新发传染病（EID）是指新出现的或既往已经存在但发病率或影响范围迅速增加的传染性疾病。受气候变化、病原体进化等因素影响，EID发生频率及形成大流行的风险在不断增加。新型冠状病毒感染等疾病的暴发已经对全球健康、经济和社会稳定造成了巨大冲击。这些疾病的全球大流行不仅直接影响人类健康，还给经济发展、贫困减少和教育等方面带来诸多负面影响。为了有效应对EID的挑战，国家和国际组织采取了一系列综合性防控策略，包括降低病原体溢出风险、建立综合性监测与预警系统、协调部门间的合作与信息共享以及以全健康（One Health）理念开展跨部门联防联控。当下EID防控依然面临诸多挑战，本文总结EID大流行所带来的挑战、国家及国际层面的应对防控策略以及当前防控的进展和具体案例，为将来应对EID大流行提供经验参考。

关键词: 新发传染病, 全球大流行, 防控策略, 全健康

Abstract:

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are either newly emerging or previously existing infectious diseases that are experiencing a rapid increase in incidence or geographic spread. The risk of EIDs outbreaks and pandemics is escalating due to factors such as climate change, pathogen evolution. Outbreaks of EIDs, like coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have significantly impacted on global health, the economy, and social stability. Such global pandemics not only directly affect human health but also negatively impact on economic development, poverty reduction, and education. To tackle the challenges of EIDs, organizations at national and international levels have adopted a series of comprehensive prevention and control strategies, including reducing the risk of pathogen spillover, establishing comprehensive detection and early warning systems, and promoting cross-sectoral collaboration and sharing information with other departments, and implementing the One Health concept for cross-sectoral prevention and control. This article summarizes the challenges posed by EIDs pandemics, the prevention and control strategies at the national and international levels, the current progress, and specific cases to provide a reference for future responses to EIDs pandemics.

Key words: Emerging infectious diseases, Pandemic, Intersectoral integrated control strategy, One Health

中图分类号:

谷思雨, 强讷, 李天韵, 韩乐飞, 周晓农. 新发传染病全球大流行的挑战与跨部门综合防控策略[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2024, 42(3): 279-285.

GU Siyu, QIANG Ne, LI Tianyun, HAN Lefei, ZHOU Xiaonong. Challenges of the global pandemics of emerging infectious diseases and integrated intersectoral prevention strategy[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2024, 42(3): 279-285.

图/表 2

参考文献 46

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新发传染病全球大流行的挑战与跨部门综合防控策略

Challenges of the global pandemics of emerging infectious diseases and integrated intersectoral prevention strategy

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