2018—2020年贵州省中华按蚊抗药性调查研究

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2023.01.017

中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 108-111.doi: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2023.01.017

2018—2020年贵州省中华按蚊抗药性调查研究

师伟芳¹(), 田珍灶¹, 周敬祝¹, 黄学平², 周雪梅², 吴国艳³, 李琼³, 廖启浪⁴, 王丹¹^,^*()

1.贵州省疾病预防控制中心，贵阳 550004
2.荔波县疾病预防控制中心，贵州荔波 558400
3.从江县疾病预防控制中心，贵州从江 557400
4.播州区疾病预防控制中心，贵州播州 563100

收稿日期:2022-05-09 修回日期:2022-10-10 出版日期:2023-02-28 发布日期:2023-02-25
通讯作者: * 王丹（1986-），女，硕士，主管技师，从事病媒生物控制工作。E-mail：danwang6636@163.com
作者简介:师伟芳（1987-），女，博士，副主任技师，从事寄生虫病及病媒生物控制工作。E-mail：swf1102@163.com

Investigation on the insecticide resistance of Anopheles sinensis in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2020

SHI Weifang¹(), TIAN Zhenzao¹, ZHOU Jingzhu¹, HUANG Xueping², ZHOU Xuemei², WU Guoyan³, LI Qiong³, LIAO Qilang⁴, WANG Dan¹^,^*()

1. Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China
2. Libo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Libo 558400, Guizhou, China
3. Congjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Congjiang 557400, Guizhou, China
4. Bozhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Bozhou 563100, Guizhou, China

Received:2022-05-09 Revised:2022-10-10 Online:2023-02-28 Published:2023-02-25
Contact: * E-mail: danwang6636@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解目前贵州省中华按蚊对常见杀虫剂的抗药性水平，本研究选择贵州省从江县、播州区和荔波县为调查点，分别于2018、2019及2020年8月捕捉中华按蚊成蚊，根据WHO推荐使用的药膜接触筒法测定受试蚊对4% DDT、0.05%溴氰菊酯、5%马拉硫磷的敏感性，确定抗性级别，采用χ²检验比较60 min击倒率及校正死亡率的差异。从江、播州和荔波受试蚊均对0.05%溴氰菊酯首只击倒时间最长，分别为8.63、17.52、14.87 min，对4% DDT分别为6.33、2.95、11.88 min，对5%马拉硫磷分别为7.95、2.15、9.80 min。从江、播州和荔波受试蚊接触5%马拉硫磷药膜60 min后击倒率最高，分别为83.9%、39.0%、59.0%，3县（区）间差异有统计学意义（χ² = 53.98，P < 0.05）；接触4% DDT药膜60 min后击倒率分别为61.9%、33.3%、36.2%，接触0.05%溴氰菊酯药膜分别为20.0%、34.2%、11.3%。从江、播州和荔波受试蚊接触4% DDT后的半数击倒时间（KT₅₀）分别为51.29、127.65 、80.05 min，接触0.05%溴氰菊酯的KT₅₀分别为208.27、74.69、420.14 min，接触5%马拉硫磷的KT₅₀分别为29.33、75.60、42.19 min。从江、播州和荔波受试蚊接触5%马拉硫磷后的校正死亡率分别为90.1%、95.0%、95.9%，均为初步抗性群体（M），地区间差异无统计学意义（χ² = 4.64，P > 0.05）；接触4% DDT后的校正死亡率分别为65.6%、38.6% 、55.0%，接触0.05%溴氰菊酯分别为35.2%、35.2%、10.4%，均为抗性群体（R）。贵州省从江县、播州区和荔波县中华按蚊对溴氰菊酯产生了非常强的抗药性，对DDT和马拉硫磷的抗药性水平分别处于抗性水平和初步抗性水平。

关键词: 中华按蚊, 抗药性, 杀虫剂, 贵州

Abstract:

To determine the insecticide resistance of Anopheles sinensis in Guizhou Province, A. sinensis was captured from the fields of Congjiang County, Bozhou District and Libo County of Guizhou in August 2018 to 2020. The mosquitoes were tested by the filter paper contact method, which is recommended by WHO. The susceptibility and insecticide resistance level of the captured mosquitoes to the diagnostic dose of 4% DDT, 0.05% deltamethrin and 5% malathion were evaluated. A Chi-square test was used to compare the knockdown rates after 60 min exposure and the corrected mortality rate between different study sites. After 60 min exposure, the knockdown time of the first mosquito to 0.05% deltamethrin was the longest in all study area, which takes 8.63 min, 17.52 min and 14.87 min in Congjiang, Bozhou and Libo; for 4% DDT, the knockdown time of the first mosquito was 6.33 min, 2.95 min and 11.88 min; for 5% malathion, the knockdown time of the first mosquito was 7.95 min, 2.15 min and 9.80 min, respectively. In Congjiang, Bozhou and Libo, after exposed for 60 min, the knockdown rates of tested mosquitoes to 5% malathion was the highest in all study areas, which were 83.9%, 39.0%, 59.0% respectively and there were significant differences in the knockdown rates among the three study areas (χ² = 53.98, P < 0.05). For 4% DDT, the knockdown rates were 61.9%, 33.3% and 36.2%; for 0.05% deltamethrin, the knockdown rates were 20.0%, 34.2%, 11.3%, respectively. The knockdown rates for 50% (KT₅₀) of tested mosquitoes in Congjiang, Bozhou, Libo for 4% DDT were 51.29 min, 127.65 min and 80.05 min; for 0.05% deltamethrin were 208.27 min, 74.69 min and 420.14 min; for 5% malathion were 29.33 min, 75.60 min and 42.19 min, respectively. The adjusted mortality rates of tested mosquitoes in Congjiang, Bozhou, Libo for 5% malathion were 90.1%, 95.0% and 95.9% respectively, which suggested the existence of resistance. There were no significant differences among the three study areas (χ² = 4.64，P > 0.05). For 4% DDT, the mortality rates were 65.6%, 38.6% and 55.0%; for 0.05% deltamethrin, the mortalityrates were 35.2%, 35.2% and 10.4%, respectively, which suggested that all tested mosquitoes had developed high level of resistance. This study suggested that An. sinensis in Guizhou Province have developed high level of resistance to deltamethrin, and maintained resistance to DDT and may have possible resistance to malathion.

Key words: Anopheles sinensis, Resistance, Insecticide, Guizhou

中图分类号:

R384.111

师伟芳, 田珍灶, 周敬祝, 黄学平, 周雪梅, 吴国艳, 李琼, 廖启浪, 王丹. 2018—2020年贵州省中华按蚊抗药性调查研究[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2023, 41(1): 108-111.

SHI Weifang, TIAN Zhenzao, ZHOU Jingzhu, HUANG Xueping, ZHOU Xuemei, WU Guoyan, LI Qiong, LIAO Qilang, WANG Dan. Investigation on the insecticide resistance of Anopheles sinensis in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2023, 41(1): 108-111.

图/表 1

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2018—2020年贵州省中华按蚊抗药性调查研究

Investigation on the insecticide resistance of Anopheles sinensis in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2020

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杀虫剂	县（区）	受试蚊数量	首只击倒时间/min	接触药膜60 min 后击倒率/%	KT₅₀/min	KT₅₀ 95% 置信限/min	校正死亡率/%	抗药性水平
4% DDT	从江	105	6.33	61.9	51.29	46.42~58.05	65.6	R
	播州	126	2.95	33.3	127.65	93.36~215.11	38.6	R
	荔波	116	11.88	36.2	80.05	66.05~108.8	55.0	R
0.05%溴氰菊酯	从江	100	8.63	20.0	208.27	122.79~644.39	35.2	R
	播州	152	17.52	34.2	74.69	61.80~106.08	35.2	R
	荔波	115	14.87	11.3	420.14	173.60~9 012.00	10.4	R
5%马拉硫磷	从江	118	7.95	83.9	29.33	27.52~31.24	90.1	M
	播州	141	2.15	39.0	75.60	64.66~93.92	95.0	M
	荔波	117	9.80	59.0	42.19	36.47~51.20	95.9	M

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