Table of Content

28 February 2010, Volume 28 Issue 1

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论著

Tegumental Alterations of Adult Schistosoma japonicum Harbored in Mice Treated with a Single Oral Doseof Mefloquine

XIAOShu-hua*;XUEJian;SHENBing-gui

2010, 28(1):  1-7. 

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Objective To observe the effect of mefloquine on the tegument of adult Schistosoma japonicum harbored in mice. Methods Twelve mice were each infected with 60-80 S. japonicum cercariae. At 35 days post-infection， 10 mice were treated orally with mefloquine at a single dose of 400 mg/kg. Two mice were sacrificed at 8 h， 24 h， 3 days，7 days， and 14 days post-treatment respectively， and schistosomes were collected by the perfusion technique， fixed and examined under a scanning electron microscope. Schistosomes obtained from the remaining 2 untreated mice served as control. Results 8 h post-treatment，male and female schistosomes showed focal swelling of the worm body accompanied by extensive swelling， tough junction and fusion of tegumental ridges. Meanwhile， some of the sensory structures showed enlargement and part of them collapsed. 24 h after mefloquine administration， head portion of some male and female worms revealed high swelling accompanied by severe damage to oral sucker. 3 days post-treatment，focal swelling of worm body along the whole worm was universal. In some male and female worms，the damaged tegument fused together to form a large mass protruding from the tegumental surface. In addition， focal or extensive peeling of tegumental ridges was seen or collapse of enlarged sensory structure resulted in formation of hole-like appearance. 7 days post administration， focal swelling of worm body and damage to tegument induced by mefloquine were similar to those aforementioned， but focal peeling， collapse of enlarged sensory structures， and deformation of oral sucker in male and female worms were universal. 14 days post-treatment，individual male worm survived the treatment revealed normal appearance of tegumental ridges in head portion， although light focal swelling of worm body was still observed. Conclusion Mefloquine causes focal swelling of worm body， extensive and severe damage to the tegument in adult S. japonicum.

Efficacy of Tribendimidine and Albendazole in TreatingMice Infected with Trichinella spiralis

XUEJian;XIAOShu-hua*;XULi-li;ZHANGYong-nian;QIANGHui-qin

2010, 28(1):  2-11. 

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Objective To observe the efficacy of tribendimidine and albendazole against Trichinella spirails in mice. Methods A total of 85 Kunming strain mice, infected orally with 100 T. spiralis larvae, was divided into 3 groups: group A （adult stage, 7 d after infection）, group B （migrating larva stage, 15 d after infection）, and group C （encapsulated larva stage, 35 d after infection）. Group A （35 mice） was equally divided into 7 sub-groups, tribendimidine and albendazole were each orally administered to 3 sub-groups both with doses of 6.25, 12.5, and 25 mg/kg respectively, the untreated sub-group served as control. Groups B and C （25 mice each） were both divided equally into 5 sub-groups. Mice in 2 sub-groups were treated respectively with the 2 drugs in a dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg, the untreated sub-group served as control. Mice in group A were sacrificed 2 d post-treatment and adult worms recovered from the small intestine were counted. Those in groups B and C were sacrificed 15 d post-treatment and intact diaphragm was then removed from each mouse. The muscle of diaphragm was digested by digestive solution and the larvae were counted by steromicroscope. Mean worm burden and mean worm reduction of each treated group were calculated and statistically compared with the control. Results The mean worm burden in sub-groups of group A treated with tribendimidine was significantly lower than that of the control （P<0.01） with a mean worm reduction of 63.3%, 86.2%, and 98.5%, respectively. In the same batch of mice treated with albendazole at a single dose of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg resulted in similar mean worm burden compared to the control （P<0.05）. While in the sub-group received albendazole at a higher dose of 25 mg/kg, the mean worm burden was significantly lower than that of the control （P<0.05）, with a mean worm reduction of 41.2%. The mean worm burden in group B was significantly lower than that of the control （P<0.01）. The mean worm reduction in the 2 sub-groups treated with tribendimidine or albendazole was 64.4% and 89.6%, or 56.7% and 78.4%, respectively. In group C, sig-nificantly lower mean worm burden was only found in the subgroup treated with albendazole at a higher dose of 200 mg/kg than the control （P<0.01） with a mean worm reduction of 71.8%. No effect was seen in the other 3 groups. Conclusion Tribendimidine exhibits potential effect against adult and migrating larva stage of T. spiralis in mice, but lacks effect against encapsulated larva stage of the parasite. Albendazole administered at a larger or multiple doses to mice endorses effect against its adult, migrating larva and encapsulated larva stages.

Survey on the Focus of Angiostrongylus cantonensisin Guangdong Province

DENGZhuo-hui*;ZHANGQi-ming;LINRong-xing;HUANGShao-yu;ZHANGYi;LVShan;LIUHe-xiang;HULing;PEIFu-quan;WANGJin-long;RUANCai-wen

2010, 28(1):  3-16. 

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Objective To understand the distribution of Angiostrongylus cantonensis foci in Guangdong Province for making surveillance program. Methods Survey sites were chosen by strata sampling according to different geographic locations. Totally 22 survey sites were selected in four regions: East Guangdong, West Guangdong, North Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta. One or two administrative villages in each site were randomly selected for the investigation. Pomacea canaliculata and Achatina fulica collected from fields and other species of freshwater or terrestrial snails obtained in the restaurants and wet markets were examined for the third stage larvae by tissue grinding or lung examination. Rats were captured in the fields, and their hearts and lungs were dissected for adult worms. Rat feces were also collected for the detection of first stage larvae by water precipitation. Results Large number of P. canaliculata was found in all sites. A. fulica was found in most surveyed sites. Totally 2 929 P. canaliculata and 1 354 A. fulica were collected with a larva infection rate of 5.9% （172/2 929） and 16.5% （223/1 354）, respectively （P<0.01）. The average prevalence among the regionswas different （P<0.01） with the highest prevalence in Pearl River Delta （15.6%， 152/975）, especially in Dongguan City of the Delta （34.7％， 78/225）. 114 Cipangopaludina sp. and 252 Bellamya sp. were bought from wet markets of 9 sites. Larvae were found only in Bellamya snails from Luoding and Kaiping cities with an infection rate of 1.4% （1/70） and 3.3% （3/91）, respectively. Totally 491 rats were captured in 9 sites including Rattus norvegicus, R. flavipectus, Suncus murinus, Mus musculus, Bandicota indica, R. losea and R. rattus, with an average infection rate of 11.4% （56/491）. Adult worms were found in R. norvegicus, R. flavipectus and B. indica with a prevalence of 19.8% （52/263）, 2.5% （3/118） and 10.0% （1/10）, respectively. Thirty-four rodent fecal samples were collected in 7 sites and examined with a larva positive rate of 44.1% （15/34）. Conclusion Foci of Angiostrongylus cantonensis are widely distributed in Guangdong Province as natural infection has been found in its intermediate and definitive hosts.

Cloning and Expression of SjMRLC and Analysis ofits Stage-specific Transcription

QIANMen-bao;XUBin;KONGJuan;JUChuan;FENGZheng;HUWei*

2010, 28(1):  4-20. 

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Objective To clone and express Schistosoma japonicum myosin regulatory light chain （SjMRLC） in prokaryotic expression system and analyze its stage-specific transcription. Methods The recombinant plasmid was constructed with pGEX 4T-3 vector and expressed in BL21. The recombinant SjMRLC was identified through Western blotting assay. Total RNA from different stages of Schistosoma japonicum was extracted and used to detect the stage-specific transcription of SjMRLC. Results The recombinant plasmid of pGEX 4T-3/SjMRLC was constructed correctly. The recombiant protein (rSjMRLC) with GST tag was soluble. SjMRLC showed similar transcription level in all stages including sporocyst, miracidium, egg, cercaria, schistosomulum, female worm, male worm, and paired adults. Conclusion The soluble recombinant protein SjMRLC with GST tag was obtained. SjMRLC is a house-keeping gene.

Kinetics of IgA Secreting Cells and IgA in Small Intestine of MiceInduced byToxoplasma gondiiTachyzoite Infection

SHENJin-yan;MENGXiao-li;YINGuo-rong*;WANGHai-long;LIUHong-li

2010, 28(1):  5-25. 

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Objective To investigate the kinetics of IgA secreting cells （IgASCs） in small intestine and the specific antibody level induced by Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite infection in mice. Methods Ninety-six BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 2 groups, 12 were intragastrically given 0.5 ml PBS as control, the rest were each intragastri-cally infected with 1×104 tachyzoites of the virulent RH strain Toxoplasma gondii. On the day 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 post infection, 12 mice were sacrificed respectively. The quantity of IgASCs in mucosa of duodenum, jejunum and ileum was detected by immunohistochemistry analysis. IgA in sera and in intestinal washes was determined by ELISA. Results The IgASCs were found in lamina propria of the small intestine mucosa. The amount of IgASCs in duodenal mucosa inc-reased gradually with the time after infection, while in jejunal mucous membrane it increased from the day 2 to 8, and then decreased to the level of before infection on day 14. The amount of IgASCs in ileal mucous membrane also increased from day 2 to 6, then descended gradually and on the day 12 to a level lower than that of before infection. IgA level in the intestinal washes increased continually but there was no significant change in serum samples. The correlation between IgA level in intestinal washes and the quantitative change of IgASCs in mucosa of duodenum, jejunum and ileum was r=0.732 （P＜0.01）, r=0.116 （P＞0.05） and r=-0.429 （P＜0.01）, respectively. Conclusion Toxoplasma gondii infection induces a high level expression of IgASCs in duodenum and an increase of IgA antibody in the intestinal washes, showing a positive correlation. The high level IgA in the intestinal washes is mainly from IgASCs of the duodenal mucosa.

Inhibition on Apoptosis of Splenocytes in Infected Mice byImmunization with Recombinant Bb-Eg95-EgA31 Proteinof Echinococcus granulosus

ZHOUBi-ying;CHENYa-tang;LIWen-gui*;YANGMei

2010, 28(1):  6-29. 

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Objective To investigate the weight reduction of hydatid cysts and apoptosis of splenocytes in infected mice by recombinant Bifidobacteria bifidum（Bb）-Eg95-EgA31 protein of Echinococcus granulosus（Eg）and challenged with Eg protoscoleces. Methods 56 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 7 groups. Groups A and B were injected subcutaneously and intramuscularly respectively with 5×106 colony-forming unit （CFU） recombinant Bb-Eg95-EgA31 protein, group C was immunized intranasally by 5×105 CFU protein, group D was vaccinated transgastrically by 5×108 CFU protein, groups E and F were injected subcutaneously with 5×106 CFU blank vector［Bb（pGEX-1λT）］ and Bb respectively, and group G was injected subcutaneously with 100 μl MRS. Mice in all groups were challenged with 50 Eg protoscoleces on the 8th week after vaccination and sacrificed on the 25th week after infection. The weight of hydatid cysts was measured and weight reduction rate was calculated. Spleens were collected to prepare splenocytes which were cultured under stimulation with concanavalin A（ConA）. The apoptotic rate was determined by flow cytometry （FCM）. Results The average weight of hydatid cysts in groups A ［（41.0±23.0）mg］, B ［（44.0±22.0）mg］, C ［（22.0±21.0）mg］, and D ［（28.0±16.0）mg］ was lower than that of group G［（75.0±33.0）mg］ （P＜0.05, P＜0.01）, and there was no significant difference among groups A, B, C and D （P＞0.05）; no significant difference was found between group G and groups E［（63.0±30.0）mg］, F［（69.0±22.0）mg］ （P＞0.05）. The apoptotic rate of splenocytes cultured with no ConA in groups A（0.14±0.01）, B（0.14±0.01）, C（0.13±0.01）, and D（0.14±0.01）was lower than that of group G（0.21±0.01） （P＜0.05）; that of group C was lower than groups A, B, and D（P＜0.05）; there was no significant difference between groups D and A, between groups A and B, and between groups E（0.20±0.01）, F（0.20±0.01）and group G. The apoptotic rate of splenocytes cultured with ConA in group A（0.19±0.01）, B（0.20±0.00）, C（0.17±0.01）, and D（0.19±0.01）were lower than that of group G（0.26±0.01）（P＜0.01）, that of group C was lower than groups A and B(P＜0.01), group C was lower than group D(P＜0.05), group D was lower than group B(P＜0.05); there was no significant difference between groups A and B,and between groups A and D, and between groups E（0.25±0.01）, F（0.25±0.01）, and group G（P＞0.05）. The apoptotic rate of splenocytes cultured with ConA was higher than those cultured without ConA （P＜0.01）. Conclusions Apoptosis of splenocytes may be induced by infection of Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces in mice， while the recombinant Bb-Eg95-EgA31 protein may inhibit the apoptosis of splenocytes in mice challenged with Eg， and induce certain protective immunity in the host.

Establishment and Application of Rapid Dipstick of Latex Immunochromatographic Assay for the Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis

DINGJian-zu;YULi-ling;LOUDi;YANXiao-lan;WENLi-yong*

2010, 28(1):  7-33. 

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Objective To establish a simple and fast diagnostic assay for schistosomiasis． Methods Based on the immunochromatographic technique and the principle of indirect assay of ELISA， using soluble egg antigen （SEA） of Schistosoma japonicum and mouse anti?鄄human monoclonal antibody labelled with red latex as color developing agents， a latex immunochromatographic assay （DLIA） was developed. Serum samples from 69 schistosomiasis patients were detected by DLIA. Tested were also 264 sera from healthy people， 15 sera from clonorchiasis patients， 8 sera from patients with angiostrongyliasis cantonensis， 11 sera from patients with intestinal nematode infection and 19 sera from paragonimiasis patients. ELISA was used as a parallel contro1． Results The sensitivity for detecting schistosomiasis antibodies with DLIA and ELISA was 94.2％ （65/69） and 95.7％ （66/69），respectively （χ2＝0.15， P＞0.05）. The specificity in examining healthy persons was 97.4％ （257/264） and 94.7％ （250/264），respectively （χ2＝2.43， P＞0.05）. No cross reaction was found with the sera of clonorchiasis， intestinal nematode infection and angiostrongyliasis. The cross reaction rate with paragonimiasis of the two assays was 42.1% （8/19） and 47.4% （9/19），respectively （χ2＝0.11， P＞0.05）. Conclusion DLIA is a simple， fast， sensitive and specific assay for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis.

Effect of Vinegar or Soy Sauce on the Infectivity and Reproductive Capacity of Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae

ZHANGXi;WANGZhong-quan*;WANGShu-wei;LILing-zhao;WANGMing-ming;JIANGPeng;CUIJing

2010, 28(1):  8-37. 

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Objective To observe the effect of edible vinegar or soy sauce on the infectivity and reproductive capacity of muscle larvae of Trichinella spiralis. Methods One hundred and forty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 14 groups （10 mice per group）. Mice in each group were orally fed with 300 muscle larvae in meat （weighing 0.02 g） soaked with edible vinegar （pH 3.05， 4.5% acid）， soy （19.3% NaCl） or saline （control） for different time respectively. Half of the infected mice were sacrificed on day 7 and day 42 post-infection respectively. The intestinal adult worms and muscle larvae were observed, and reproductive capacity index （RCI） was determined. Results The intestinal adult worms （77，41，0，and 0，respectively） and RCI （52.48，18.45，0，and 0，respectively） in mice fed with 300 muscle larvae treated by vinegar for 3，6，12，and 24 h were considerably lower than that in saline control （worm number 121，121，116，and 101; RCI 159.10，124.56，73.63，and 42.17） （P<0.05）. The intestinal adult worms （79.00，39.00，3.40，and 0） and RCI （48.75，20.80，1.87，and 0） in mice fed with soy-treated larvae for 12，24，36，and 48 h were also significantly lower than that in saline control （worm number 116，101，95，and 89；RCI 73.63，42.17，21.53，and 4.13）（P<0.05）. Trend analysis showed that the intestinal adult worms and RCI of the infected mice decreased along with the increase of vinegar- or soy-soaking time （P<0.05）. Conclusion The infectivity and fecundity of T. spiralis muscle larvae decrease gradually after the treatment of edible vinegar or soy sauce.

Cloning， Expression and Ｐrediction of Protein Structure ofTs3 Gene of Cysticercus cellulosae

ZHENGSheng-sheng;SUNJun-min;XIAZi-huan;YEWei;YANGJing-hua;WANGXue-long*

2010, 28(1):  9-41. 

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Objective To discover a new gene of candidate molecule for the diagnosis of cysticercosis. Methods Cysticercus cellulosae cDNA library was immunoscreened with pooled serum of cysticercosis patients. The encoded protein of a new gene，Ts3，was analyzed through biology software（EXPASY） on line. The new gene was cloned，the prokaryotic expression vector pET28a（+）-Ts3 was constructed， and the expressed result was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis（SDS-PAGE）and Western blotting. Results The new gene Ts3（GenBank accession No.EU338456）was obtained with 531 bp and an ORF of C. cellulosae. With relatively stable structure and physico-chemical properties，the new gene was anon-transmembrane protein and contained more protein kinase C phosphorylation site. To induce its expression， the Ts3 gene was cloned into the vector pET28a（+），and a protein with a relative molecular mass Mr 21 000 was obtained which was recognized by the sera of cysticercosis cases. Conclusion The Ts3 gene of C. cellulosae was expressed，and the protein shows adequate antigenicity.

Isoenzyme Patterns of the Isolates of Blastocystishominis from Guangxi

ZHANTing-zheng;YANGYan;TANGLi-li;LUZuo-chao;SHIHuan-huan*

2010, 28(1):  10-45. 

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Objective To observe malate dehydrogenase and alkaline phophatase patterns of ten isolates of Blastocystis hominis （Bh） from Guangxi. Methods Blastocystis hominis agents were isolated from the fecal specimens of patients and cultivated in vitro. The samples were prepared for polyacrylamide gel slab electrophoresis（PAGSE）. Sodium malate and 1-Naphthyl phosphoric acid sodium were used as substrates. NBT and fast blue RR salt were used to stain MDH and ALP respectively. The isoenzyme bands were recorded with relative mobility（Rm）. Results Among the 10 isolates, 7 MDH bands were found, more with Rm34， Rm47， Rm51， Rm55，and Rm59. All the isolates showed Rm34 and Rm51 bands. 5 bands showed ALP patterns: Rm22， Rm25， Rm28， Rm35，and Rm38. Difference existed with the MDH and ALP patterns among the isolates. Conclusion MDH and ALP patterns may indicate a genetic difference among the isolates, which might play a role in its classification.

Effect of Alpha-terthienyl on Protein，Esterase andLipid Peroxidation of Aedes albopictus Larvae

ZHANGLing-min*;SUNJia-mei;LVHui-fang;SHIHai-ying

2010, 28(1):  11-49. 

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Objective To study the effect of alpha-terthienyl（α-T） on protein， esterase and lipid peroxidation of Aedes albopictus larvae. Methods Sensitive and resistant strains of Aedes albopictus stage IV larvae were used. Bradford method was used to detect protein content. The breeding fluid of experiment group contained α-T（5.34 μg/L）, and control group contained only acetone（3.95 μg/L）. Histochemistry method was used to detect esterase activity. Larvae in the experiment group were cultured in fluid containing α-T （6.24 μg/L） but no α-T in the control group. TBA method was used to detect malondialdehyde(MDA). Larvae of the sensitive strain were divided into 5 sub-groups: A-acetone control （containing acetone 3.95 μg/L）， Bultra-violet irradiation(UV) control （same with A but treated by UV）， C, D, E- experiment groups with α-T （4.58, 5.34 and 6.24 μg/L respectively）. All groups were kept in dark condition for 1 hour, followed by UV for 1 hour （except group A）, then fed under normal condition. Results With UV and α-T， the protein content of experiment group（1.225 mg/ml）was higher than that of control （1.120 mg/ml） （P<0.05） in sensitive strain; that of experiment group （1.199 mg/ml） was higher than that of control （1.114 mg/ml） （P<0.05） in the resistant strain. After 2， 4， 6， and 8 hour treated by both α-T and UV， the esterase activity all decreased in experiment group， and reached to the lowest 8 hours later（P<0.05）. MDA contents was 2.286 nmol/mg protein in acetone control group and 2.322 nmol/mg protein in UV control， but 3.156， 4.188 and 4.684 nmol/mg protein respectively in the 3 experiment groups after treated by α-T and UV. The higher dose of α-T， the higher content of MDA（P<0.05）. Conclusion Under UV, α-T can increase the protein and MDA content of the larvae of Ae. albopictus but decrease the esterase activity.

实验研究

Luring Effect of the Fermented Laminaria japonicato Oncomelania hupensis

MAAn-ning*;NIHong;WANGWan-xian;ZHANGYun;GENGPeng

2010, 28(1):  12-53. 

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Objective To study the attraction effect of the food attractants on Oncomelania hupensis. Methods Oncomelania snail food was prepared with the fermented kelp （Laminaria japonica） mixed with corn starch. Snails were fed with the food and kept for 12, 24, 36, and 48 h at 15, 25, 35 ℃ respectively. Meanwhile, snail-killing effect was tested by granules containing jack-in-the-pulpit （Arisaema heterophyllum） with or without the fermented kelp under the condition of 25 ℃， 30% or 60% soil humidity. Results The snail-attracting rate of the fermented kelp was affected by the temperature, highest under 25 ℃ and lowest under 35 ℃ at any time point, with a rate of 80.3% in 48 h at 25 ℃ which was higher than that of the control （17.0%） （P<0.01）. The snail mortality rate in the group using jack-in-the-pulpit with femented kelp （85.3%） was higher than that of the group without fermented kelp （26.8%） （P<0.05）. The mortality under 60% of soil humidity was higher than that under 30% humidity （P<0.01）. Conclusion The fermented kelp shows a strong luring effect to the Oncomelania snails.

现场研究

Serological Detection of Malaria for People Entering China from19 Ports of Entry Covering 8 Border Prefectures of Yunnan

CHENGuo-wei;WANGJun;HUANGXing-zhou;LIYa-ping;HOUZhong-sheng;LIHua-xian;XUShi-yan;WEIChun;ZHANGZai-xing

2010, 28(1):  13-57. 

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Objective To evaluate malaria situation in areas of Yunnan Province bordering with Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam. Methods Blood samples on filter paper were collected from the entry people in March to December of 2007 involving 19 national and provincial ports of entry. Indirect fluorescent antibody test （IFAT） was carried out by using the blood samples collected before June 30 as the first half year and after July 1 as the second half year. Analysis was made on the relationship of IFAT positive rate and GMRT to malaria incidence in the province reported by the China information system for disease control and prevention. Results IFAT positive rate in the first half year （5.6%） was 20.9% higher than that of second half year （4.4%） （χ2=12.95%, P<0.05）. There was a positive correlation between IFAT positive rate and the number of malaria cases reported in 2007 from the 8 bordering prefectures （r=0.812 4, P<0.05）. The highest IFAT positive rate was found in Dehong （8.7%）, Baoshan （7.1%）, and Lingcang （6.5%）. Among the 19 entry ports, the highest IFAT positive rate was found in 5 entry ports: Lvliang, Laying, Jiegao, Houqiao, and Qingshuihe, all in China-Myanmar border. The IFAT positive rate in the Chinese entry people increased with their days of staying outside the border. Among the entry people, the highest antibody positive rate was from those of Myanmar nationality （11.7%） followed by those from Yunnan （3.7%）. Conclusion To certain extent, higher malaria incidence outside the border impacts that of Yunnan Province.

综述

Factors Affecting the Endemic Intensity of Echinococcosis

HUHuan-huan;WUWei-ping*

2010, 28(1):  14-61. 

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Echinococcosis is an important parasitic zoonosis with worldwide distribution. The endemicity degree of echinococcosis differs with regions and is influenced by various factors. This paper reviews the biological, environmental and social factors which may affect the endemic intensity of echinococcosis.

Research Progress on Peroxiredoxin in Parasitic Helminthes

LIYong-guang;FUBao-quan*

2010, 28(1):  15-66. 

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Peroxiredoxin （Prx） belongs to a peroxidase family of antioxidant enzymes distributed ubiquitously in aerobic organisms. It plays an important role in the defense of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and reactive nitrogen species （RNS） produced by parasite itself and the host immune cells. The classification, mechanism of Prx and the research progress on Prx in parasitic helminthes including trematode, cestode and nematode have been briefly reviewed in this article.

Dendritic Cell Function in Response to Schistosome Infection

LIXiao-hong;TANGLin-hua*;CAOJian-ping

2010, 28(1):  16-71. 

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Dendritic cells （DC） are uniquely specialised for both antigen acquisition and presentation， linking innate and adaptive immunity. Great progress has been made in DC biology and function recently. In the field of schistosomiasis，studies have revealed that a DC phenotype is quite distinct to that of conventional activation. Understanding the interaction between schistosomes and DC is therefore not only addressing fundamental questions of DC biology and immunity to multicellular parasites but also opening the way to therapeutic manipulation of the immune system.

研究简报

Molecular Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Lactate DehydrogenaseGene from Plasmodium vivax Hainan Isolate

LVGang*;LIJing-Jing;ZHAOShi-Yong;LUYa-Jun;FANZhi-Gang

2010, 28(1):  17-74. 

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Full length sequence of lactate dehydrogenase gene was amplified by PCR from the genomic DNA of Plasmodium vivax Hainan isolate, and named as PvLDH/HN （GenBank No. FJ527750）. Sequence analysis showed that the gene had 951 bp, coding 316 aa. Compared with PvLDH/Salvador and PvLDH/Belem, the nucleotide sequence homology of PvLDH/HN was both 99.89%, while the homology of amino acid sequence was 100%. Topology analysis showed that the protein had two transmembrane α-helices, which suggested that the protein might be a membrane protein. The major antigen epitope regions （82-95aa） was presented on the protein surface, and formed the specific substrate binding loop, which revealed that it might be an ideal target site for drug action and immunodiagnosis.

Prevalence of Intestinal Nematodes during 2004-2008 in Nanjing

LIYan-jing;GAOYuan;XIEChao-yong

2010, 28(1):  18-76. 

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Surveys on intestinal nematode infection were conducted in 65 monitoring sites in Nanjing City during 2004-2008. Eggs in stool samples from 46 226 residents were examined by modified Kato-Katz thick smear method in the 5 years. The prevalence was reduced from 3.0% in 2004 to 0.7% in 2008, decreased by 75.3%. The prevalence in rural area （2.9%） was higher than that of city （0.9%） （χ2=1 024.63, P＜0.01）. The highest prevalence was in the group of under 10 years （5.2%） （χ2=331.18，P＜0.01）.

Visceral Leishmaniasis in Artux City of Xinjiang UygurAutonomous Region during 1996-2007

CUIGang;CHENXiao-ying;MiliguliTAX;MuhetarABULAJI;YisilayinOSMAN

2010, 28(1):  19-78. 

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Visceral leishmanniasis cases in Artux City of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in 1996-2007 were collected and statistically analyzed. Altogether, 102 leishmanniasis cases were found in the ten years. Among 7 townships and an urban district, more cases were reported in the townships of Ahu （occupying 37.3%）, Azake （27.5%）, Sumutake （19.6%） and Shangatushi （8.8%）, while sporadical cases occurred in other townships/district. Male and female ratio was 1.04︰1. More cases were from 0-5 year age group （30.4%） and 6-10 year age group （29.4%）. In the ten years, the highest number of cases （21.6%） occurred in 1998 and the lowest in 2000 （1.0%）. Visceral leishmaniasis has been endemic in Artux City.

Modified Method for Purifying Cryptosporidium Oocysts

HUANGLei;ANChun-xia;ZHANGSu-mei;NINGChang-shen;ZHANGLong-xian*

2010, 28(1):  20-80. 

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Sheather’s sucrose solution diluted with distilled water as an alternative to PBS was used to purify oocysts of three different Cryptosporidium spp. The recovery rate of purified Cryptosporidium andersoni, C. baileyi and C. suis oocysts was 47.5%, 49.6% and 41.7%, respectively. The viability of the oocysts was 97.9%, 96.7%, and 95.1%, respectively. After 1 h incubation in a 37 ℃ water bath, the excystation rate of the oocysts was 87.9%, 80.0%, and 81.7%, respectively.

病例报告

A case of sparganosis in thoracic wall

YUMei-ying;DAINai-fan

2010, 28(1):  21-25. 

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A case of ocular infection caused by Gordius sp.

ZHUYu-xia;WANShu-min

2010, 28(1):  22-45. 

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A case of cerebral sparganosis mansoni

LIShu-juan;OUQiang;SHIYu-xin

2010, 28(1):  23-53. 

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Severe angiostrongyliasis cantonensis in a toddler

ZHANGRong-yan;LILi-sha;LINJin-xiang

2010, 28(1):  24-74. 

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消息

Instructions to Authors

2010, 28(1):  27-0. 

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