Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and practice towards clonorchiasis and the influencing factors in Xinfeng Country of Jiangxi Province, in order to provide scientific evidence for formulating pertinent control measures for clonorchiasis. Methods In 2016, at least 150 local residents over 3 years old were cluster sampled from each of 26 villages in 5 towns (Datangbu, Xiaohe, Jiading, Gubei and Zhengping) of Xinfeng County, where the residents have the habit of eating raw or undercooked freshwater fishes. Among them, a questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain basic information concerning C. sinensis infection. The awareness rate of clonorchiasis and the proportion having the habit of eating raw fish were calculated, and analyzed by chi-square test to comparethe rate or proportion between groups. The influencing factors for the awareness rate and the proportion of eating raw fish were analyzed by logistic regression. Results A total of 4 033 residents were participated in the survey. The awareness rate of C. sinensis was 13.0% (525/4 033). Among them, 19.5% (787/4 033) had a history of eating raw fish. The awareness rate and the proportion of eating raw fish in males were 7.4% (142/1 933) and 32.8% (633/1 933), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in females at 2.2% (47/2 100) and 7.3% (154/2 100), respectively (P < 0.01). The awareness rate showed a trend of increasing first then decreasing with ages, which peaked in the age group of 30-39 years (9.8%, 30/305), and displayed significant difference between all age groups (P < 0.01). The proportion of eating raw fish among the residents increased with age, and reached a peak of 30.6% (241/787) in the age group 50-59 years (P < 0.01). The awareness rates and the proportion of eating raw fish among businessmen and public servants were 35.6% (42/118) and 45.8% (54/118), respectively, significantly higher than those of other occupations (P < 0.01). The awareness rate and the proportion of eating raw fish showed a trend of increasing with higher education level, which were highest in the groups with senior middle school and higher education level [25.8%(56/217) and 32.7%(71/217), respectively] (P < 0.01). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the awareness rate in males was 2.726 times that in females (P < 0.01), the awareness rate among businessmen and public servants was 3.707 times that in farmers (P < 0.01), while the awareness rate of students was only 0.068 times of farmers (P < 0.01). The awareness rate increased with higher educational levels, with the rate in the group with senior middle school or higher education level group being 11.609 times that of illiterate and preschool children(P < 0.01). The occurrence probability of eating raw fish behavior in males was 6.976 times that in females (P < 0.01). The occurrence probability of eating raw fish behavior in businessmen and public servants was 1.989 times that in farmers (P < 0.01). The occurrence probability of eating raw fish behavior increased with higher educational level, with rate in the group of junior middle school, senior middle school and technical school education was 2.076-fold (P < 0.01) and 1.966-fold (P < 0.05) of that in the illiterate and preschool children, respectively. Conclusion The awareness rate is generally low in Xinfeng County. Males, businessmen, public servants and those with higher educational levels have higher counts including awareness rate and proportion of eating raw fish behavior, thus they are the main target populations for clonorchiasis control.