CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES >
Epidemiological characteristics of malaria and progress on its elimination in China in 2019
Received date: 2020-04-09
Online published: 2020-05-11
Malaria epidemic data from 31 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions (Taiwan region, Hong Kong and Macao not included) of China in 2019 were collected through the Malaria-specific Reporting System in the Information Network for Parasitic Diseases Control. The epidemiological characteristics of malaria and progress on its elimination were analyzed. In 2019, a total of 2 674 malaria cases were reported from 779 institutions in China, being 4 cases less than that reported in 2018(2 678 cases); 2 673 cases were reported as imported cases, and 1 case was malariae malaria with a long incubation. No indigenous cases were reported. The total reported cases included 2 487 Chinese cases (93.0%, 2 487/2 674) and 187 cases of foreign nationality (3.0%, 187/2 674); with a male-to-female ratio of 14.9 : 1, and a age distribution of mostly at 30-49 years (60.3%, 1 613/2 674). The reported cases comprised vivax malaria (10.8%, 289/2 674), falciparum malaria (72.9%, 1 950/2 674), malariae malaria (3.6%, 97/2 674), ovale malaria (11.1%, 298/2 674), mixed infections (1.3%, 35/2 674) and clinically diagnosed cases (0.2%, 5/2 674). The cases were reported from 29 provinces, with the top 5 provinces being Jiangsu (9.1%, 244/2 674), Shandong (8.5%, 228/2 674), Henan (8.5%, 227/2 674), Guangdong (7.7%, 206/2 674) and Sichuan (7.4%, 199/2 674), among them, 433 cases (16.2%, 433/2 674) were reported from 4 border provinces (Yunnan, Guangxi, Liaoning, Xinjiang). Totally 19 deaths (0.3%, 19/2 674) were reported from 11 provinces, increased by 171.4% compared to the 7 deaths in 2018. The 1-3-7 approach was implemented nationwide with good performance: all cases were reported within 24 hours after diagnosis, 97.9% (2 619/2 674) of them were investigated on epidemiology within 3 days, and 2 326 foci were identified, investigated and responded to within 7 days. In conclusion, no indigenous malaria cases have been reported since 2017, more efforts should be made to continuously strengthen surveillance and management for imported malaria and border malaria, thus to prevent from re-transmission, reduce the risk of death and consolidate the achievements of malaria elimination in the country.
Key words： China; Malaria; Elimination; Epidemiological characteristics
Li ZHANG , Jun FENG , Zhi-gui XIA , Shui-sen ZHOU . Epidemiological characteristics of malaria and progress on its elimination in China in 2019[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2020 , 38(2) : 133 -138 . DOI: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2020.02.001
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