Abstract: The first province wide survey of human parasites was pursued in 100 pilot sites of 26 counties/cities/districts with a coverage of 54 506 people in Shanxi Province. A total of 27 species of parasites were detected, the overall infection rate being 41.0%. Ascaris lumbricoides was the predominant species with a total infection rate of 25.9%. Children of 5-9 years old were the most vulnerable group with a total infection rate of 59.6%. Occupation based analysis showed maximum infection rate in pupils and middle school students with an infection rate as high as 51.1%. Economics underdeveloped counties and districts showed higher infection rates of 45.8% and 48.7% respectively as compared with the rather developed counties (38.5%) and districts (28.6%). Seven species of parasites harboring in organs other than the intestine were detected from residents of 18 counties/cities/districts.