Epidemiological characteristics of malaria in China, 2025

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2026.02.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Malaria case investigation forms in 31 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions (excluding Taiwan, Hongkong, Macao) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps aross China in 2025 were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Diseases Reporting Information System, and the epidemiological characteristic of malaria cases were statistically analyzed. A total of 4 314 malaria cases were reported in China in 2025, which increased by 50.8%, 439.9%, and 36.6% relative to in 2017 (2 861), 2021 (799) and 2024 (3 157), respectively, and 11 deaths were reported in 2025, which reduced by four as compared to in 2024 (15 deaths). Of all reported malaria cases, there were 2 829 Plasmodium falciparum malaria cases (65.6%, 2 829/4 314), 963 P. vivax malaria cases (22.3%. 963/4 314), 372 P. ovale malaria cases (8.6%, 372/4 314), 103 P. malariae malaria cases (2.4%,103/4 314), and 47 cases with mixed infections (1.1%, 47/4 314), and there were 4 308 imported cases, 5 non-mosquito-borne malaria cases (transfusion-transmitted infection), and one recrudescent case with a long incubation period (P. malariae malaria). Malaria cases were reported in 30 provinces and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, with the exception of Xizang Autonomous Region, with Yunnan Province (678 cases), Guangdong Province (359 cases), Henan Province (354 cases), Hunan Province (338 cases), and Shandong Province (307 cases) as the five most seriously affected provinces, accounting for 47.2% (2 036/4 314) of totally reported malaria cases. The ratio of male to female cases was 12.8 ∶ 1, and patients at ages of 30 to 39 years accounted for the largest proportion of cases (29.1%, 1 255/4 314). The most common reason for exit and entry was labor (71.6%, 3 086/4 308). A total of 131 critically ill malaria cases were reported across 27 provinces in 2025 (3.0%, 131/4 314), which increased by 17.0% relative to in 2024 (112 cases). Malaria epidemic has risen for four consecutive years in China, and thousands of imported malaria cases have posed substantial pressure and challenges to prevention of re-establishment of imported malaria.

Key words: Malaria, Epidemiological characteristics, China

CLC Number:

R531.3

ZHANG Li, XIA Zhigui, LI Shizhu. Epidemiological characteristics of malaria in China, 2025[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2026, 44(2): 153-157.

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References 13

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国籍 Nationality	病例诊断分类 Diagnostic classification of case					合计 Total
国籍 Nationality	恶性疟 Falciparum malaria	间日疟 Vivax malaria	卵形疟 Ovale malaria	三日疟 Malariae malaria	混合感染 Mixed-infection	合计 Total
中国籍 Chinese	2 574	780	357	94	43	3 848
外国籍 Foreigner	255	183	15	9	4	466
合计 Total	2 829	963	372	103	47	4 314

排序 Rank	疟疾 Malaria		恶性疟 Falciparum malaria		间日疟 Vivax malaria
排序 Rank	国家 Country	病例数 No. case	国家 Country	病例数 No. case	国家 Country	病例数 No. case
1	缅甸 Myanmar	691	几内亚 Guinea	564	缅甸 Myanmar	684
2	几内亚 Guinea	643	刚果（金）Democratic Republic of Congo	420	埃塞俄比亚 Ethiopia	85
3	刚果（金）Democratic Republic of Congo	520	尼日利亚 Nigeria	412	巴布亚新几内亚 Papua New Guinea	44
4	尼日利亚 Nigeria	496	喀麦隆 Cameroon	178	印度尼西亚 Indonesia	43
5	喀麦隆 Cameroon	222	安哥拉 Angola	135	所罗门群岛 Solomon Islands	21
6	其他52个国家 Other 52 countries	1 736	其他41个国家 Other 41 countries	1 115	其他27个国家 Other27 countries	86
合计 Total	57	4 308	46	2 824	32	963

特征 Characteristics	病例数 No. case
性别 Sex
男 Male	4 002
女 Female	312
年龄/岁 Age/Year
0~9	26
10~19	83
20~29	528
30~39	1 255
40~49	1 246
50~59	978
≥ 60	198
境外输入性病例出境/入境事由 Reason for exit or entry of imported case
务工 Working	3 086
经商 Business	481
探亲访友 Visiting friends and relatives	200
公务 Official duty	139
旅游 Tourism	98
其他 Others	304

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