Epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal clustering of visceral leishmaniasis in Henan Province

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2024.03.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal clustering of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Henan Province, and provide a theoretical basis for epidemic surveillance and formulating precise prevention and control measures. Methods The data on VL cases reported in Henan Province were collected from the Infectious Disease Surveillance Reporting and Management System from 2016 to 2022. The epidemiological characteristics of VL repored cases were analyzed using descriptive analysis. SaTScan v10.1 software was used for spatio-temporal clustering analysis. Results A total of 68 VL cases were reported in Henan Province from 2016 to 2022, with an annual average incidence rate of 0.010/100 000 showing an increasing trend year by year (χ² = 5.206, P < 0.05). The cases were reported throughout the year except for August, and the peak period of onset was from March to June, accounting for 50.0% (34/68) of reported cases. The ratio of males and females was 2.6 ∶ 1, and the annual average incidence rates in males and females were 0.011/100 000 and 0.004/100 000, respectively. The age range of reported cases was from 7 months to 71 years old. The majority of patients were in the 0-2 group and the ≥ 60 years age groups, accounting for 27.9% (19/68) and 25.0% (17/68), respectively. Farmers (42.7%, 29/68) and scattered resident children (32.4%, 22/68) were the dominant high-risk population. Among the 68 reported cases, 61 were local cases and 7 were imported from other provinces. The 61 local cases were distributed in 13 counties (cities, districts) among 5 provincial-level cities, including Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Anyang, Hebi and Sanmenxia. The results of spatio-temporal clustering analysis showed that two significant clustering regions (P < 0.01) were detected for VL in Henan Province, with the clustering centres being Linzhou in Anyang City and Gongyi in Zhengzhou City, respectively. Conclusion VL had been on the rise in Henan Province, with spatial-temporal clustering. It is necessary to carry out precise surveillance and implement prevention and control measures in different epidemic areas to prevent the ongoing spread of the epidemic.

Key words: Visceral leishmaniasis, Epidemic characteristics, Spatio-temporal clustering, Henan Province

CLC Number:

R531.6

YANG Chengyun, WANG Dan, HE Zhiquan, JI Penghui, LU Deling, ZHOU Zhengbin, QIAN Dan, LIU Ying, LI Suhua, ZHOU Ruimin, DENG Yan, ZHANG Hongwei. Epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal clustering of visceral leishmaniasis in Henan Province[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2024, 42(3): 340-344.

Figures/Tables 4

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特征 Feature	报告病例数/例 No. reported case	构成比/% Composition rate/%
性别 Gender
男 Male	49	72.1
女 Female	19	27.9
年龄组/岁 Age group/Year
0~2	19	27.9
3~9	8	11.8
10~19	2	2.9
20~29	0	0
30~39	5	7.4
40~49	11	16.2
50~59	6	8.8
≥ 60	17	25.0
职业 Occupation
干部职员 Official	2	2.9
家务及待业 Housework and unemployment	6	8.8
牧民 Herdsman	1	1.5
农民 Farmer	29	42.6
散居儿童 Scattered child	22	32.4
商业服务 Business service	1	1.5
学生 Student	4	5.9
幼托儿童 Child care	3	4.4
合计 Total	68	100.0

年份 Year	地级市 Prefecture-level city	流行县（报告病例数/例） Endemic county (No. reported case)
2016	安阳 Anyang	林州市 Linzhou City (2)
2017	安阳 Anyang	林州市 Linzhou City (2)
2018	安阳 Anyang	林州市 Linzhou City (2)
2019	安阳 Anyang	林州市 Linzhou City (2), 龙安区 Long’an District (1)
2020	安阳 Anyang	林州市 Linzhou City (5)
	郑州 Zhengzhou	巩义市 Gongyi City (3), 登封市 Dengfeng City (2), 荥阳市 Xingyang City (1)
	洛阳 Luoyang	新安县 Xin’an County (1), 孟津区 Mengjin District (1), 涧西区 Jianxi District (1)
2021	安阳 Anyang	林州市 Linzhou City (7)
	郑州 Zhengzhou	巩义市 Gongyi City (4), 荥阳市 Xingyang City (2), 新密市 Xinmi City (1)
	洛阳 Luoyang	新安县 Xin’an County (1)
2022	安阳 Anyang	林州市 Linzhou City (6), 龙安区 Long’an District (1)
	郑州 Zhengzhou	巩义市 Gongyi City (6), 登封市 Dengfeng City (3), 新密市 Xinmi City (1), 上街区 Shangjie District (1)
	洛阳 Luoyang	新安县 Xin’an County (2), 偃师区 Yanshi District (1)
	鹤壁 Hebi	淇滨区 Qibin District (1)
	三门峡 Sanmenxia	灵宝市 Lingbao City (1)