Current endemic status of Clonorchis sinensis infection in population of Jilin Province in 2015

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2019.03.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current endemic status of Clonorchis sinensis infection in opulation of Jilin Province so as to provide a scientific basis for better prevention and control of clonorchiasis. Methods According to the National Survey Program and Implementation Rules for the status of human key parasites, total 78 pilot survey sites in rural areas and 21 sites in township from 35 counties (cities and districts) in Jilin Province were selected using stratified cluster sampling method in 2015. No less than 250 permanent residents over 3 years old were recruited from each site in the survey. Fecal samples were collected from each participant and the eggs of C. sinensis in the feces were examined using a modified Kato-Katz thick smear microscopy. The general demographic and personal information were collected by a written questionnaire. The infection status among residents was analyzed based on their different gender, age and occupation with statistical analysis using Chisquare test. Some residents from 50 pilot survey sites were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on clonorchiasis related knowledge to understand their awareness of parasites and infection risks. Results A total of 24 963 people were examined, of whom the total prevalence of C. sinensis infection was 3.0% (749/24 963), mainly with mild infection 88.5% (663/749). The medium and heavy infections only accounted for 11.0% (82/749) and 0.4% (3/749), respectively. The infection rate in rural areas (3.8%, 746/19 683) was significantly higher than that in urban areas (0.1%, 3/5 280) with statistical difference (P < 0.05). Male people had higher infection rate (3.6%, 459/12 843) than female (2.4%, 290/12 120）with statistical difference (P < 0.05). Among different age groups, it was shown that people with age between 41-50 had the highest infection rate (4.4%, 227/5 175) with significant difference compared to other age groups (P < 0.01). Among different occupations, the infection rate was highest in famers ( 4.1%, 712/17 455) (P < 0.01). In terms of educational levels, people educated with junior high school had the highest infection rate (4.4%, 546/12 322) (P < 0.01). With respect to different ethnic groups, Han population had the highest infection rate (3.1%, 746/23 794) (P < 0.01), possibly related to different food and cuisine habit. Totally 2 850 questionnaires were collected from 50 pilot survey sites. The awareness rate for clonorchiasis in people living in urban cites (58.5%, 350/598) was higher than that in people living in rural area（34.9%, 787/2 252）(P < 0.01), however, more people in urban areas ate raw freshwater fish and shrimp (19.0%, 113/598) than people living in rural areas (11.9%, 269/2 252) (P < 0.01), even though the former knew better about the parasite and the infection risks. Conclusion The prevalence of C. sinensis infection in Jilin Province still remains at a relatively high level. The awareness for the knowledge of infection and behavior-related infection risks among people are low and not much changed.

Key words: Jilin province, Clonorchiasis, Epidemiology

CLC Number:

R383.22

Xin WANG, Ben-he WANG, Shu-ya WANG, Qiang YIN, Chang-xi XU. Current endemic status of Clonorchis sinensis infection in population of Jilin Province in 2015[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2019, 37(3): 291-295.

Figures/Tables 2

Table 1

Table 2

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特征 Feature	检查人数 No. exam’d	感染人数 No. infected	感染率/% Infection rate/%	χ²	P
性别Gender
男Male	12 843	459	3.6	29.892	< 0.01
女Female	12 120	290	2.4
年龄Age
≤ 10	2 246	8	0.4	156.976	< 0.01
11~20	1 876	28	1.5
21~30	2 515	59	2.4
31~40	3 680	128	3.5
41~50	5 175	227	4.4
51~60	4 842	182	3.8
61~70	3 340	93	2.8
> 70	1 289	24	1.9
职业Occupation
农民Farmer	17 455	712	4.1	360.028	< 0.01
学生Student	2 750	32	1.2
教师Teacher	69	1	1.5
服务人员Service person	194	1	0.5
工人Worker	1 025	1	0.1
家庭妇女House wife	569	1	0.2
离退休人员Retiree	781	1	0.1
其他Others	2 107	0	0
文化程度Education level
学龄前儿童Preschool child	224	0	0	205.185	< 0.01
文盲Illiteracy	1 565	7	0.5
小学Primary school	8 448	188	2.2
初中Junior high school	12 322	546	4.4
高中Senior high school	1 767	8	0.5
大学及以上College and above	637	0	0
民族Nationality
汉族Han	23 794	746	3.1	57.467	< 0.01
蒙古族Mongol	129	2	1.6
满族Manchu	830	1	0.1
朝鲜族Korean	174	0	0
回族Hui	18	0	0
锡伯族Xibo	10	0	0
其他Others	8	0	0
地区Area
农村地区Rural area	19 683	746	3.8	199.365	< 0.01
城镇地区Urban area	5 280	3	0.1
合计Total	24 963	749	3.0

问题类别 Question type	农村地区Rural area		城镇地区Urban area		χ²	P
问题类别 Question type	知晓人数 No. awareness	知晓率/% Awareness rate/%	知晓人数 No. awareness	知晓率/% Awareness rate/%	χ²	P
知识 Infection knowledge
听说过Ever heard	787	34.9	350	58.5	288.704	< 0.01
感染方式How to infect	568	25.2	183	30.6	7.047	< 0.05
危害Harm	651	28.9	229	38.3	19.507	< 0.01
预防Prevention	539	23.9	190	31.8	15.251	< 0.01
防治行为与态度 Action and attitude
生熟砧板分开 Separate cut for raw/cooked foods	747	33.2	279	46.7	37.294	< 0.01
生食淡水鱼虾 Eat raw freshwater fish/shrimps	269	11.9	113	18.9	19.672	< 0.01
愿意花钱买驱虫药 Buy anthelmintic	1 935	85.9	537	89.8	6.170	< 0.05