Endemic situation at schistosomiasis surveillance sites in China in 2016

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the endemic situation at the schistosomiasis surveillance sites in China in 2016, in order to provide scientific basis for evaluation of schistosomiasis control effect.Methods According to the National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Programme （version 2014）, 454 national surveillance sites were selected in counties (cities or districts) with schistosomiasis prevalence and potential counties （cities or districts） with prevalence.Infections in residents, floating populations, domestic animals and Oncomelania snails were monitored and analyzed in four types of endemic counties.Results A total of 129 971 residents received indirect hemagglutination（IHA） test in 2016, of whom 3 852 showed positive results.Of them 3 801 received etiological test, 21(19 found in Hunan Province and 2 found in Jiangxi Province) showed infections in fecal samples, with an infection rate of 0.02% (21/129 971).Serological examination was also performed in 97 474 persons of the floating population, and 980 showed positive results.Of them 953 received etiological test, 9 (8 found in Zhejiang Province and 1 found in Hunan Province, all were imported cases) showed infections in fecal samples, with an infection rate of 0.01%（9/97 474）.No acute schistosomiasis was reported in any surveillance site.In addition, 12 769 cattle received examinations and only 1 was positive for infection, with a cattle infection rate of 0.007 8%.The snail survey covered an area of 22 371.69 hm² (1 hm² = 10 000 m²) and snails were found in an area of 6 999.57 hm², including a newly detected area of 136.77 hm² distributed in Shanghai and Anhui Province.Snail re-emergence was detected in a total area of 125.22 hm² in provinces other than Hunan, Hubei and Guangdong Provinces, but no schistosome infection was found in them.Conclusions There was a stable endemic situation in China in 2016.However, in some provinces snails still appeared for the first time or re-emergence was detected.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Surveillance, Infection rate, Snail, Elimination

CLC Number:

R532.21

Jia-ning JIN, Hui DANG, Li-juan ZHANG, Ying-jun QIAN, Shan LV, Shi-zhu LI, Xiao-nong ZHOU, Jun-ling SUN, Jing XU. Endemic situation at schistosomiasis surveillance sites in China in 2016[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2017, 35(6): 542-548.

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Schistosome infection in residents at the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites in 2016

项目 Items		IHA检查 IHA test			粪便检查 Stool examination			居民感染率/%Infection rate/%
项目 Items		检查人数 No.examined	阳性数 No.positives	阳性率/% Positive rate/%	检查血清抗体阳性者数 No.examined	阳性数 No.positives	阳性率/% Positive rate/%	居民感染率/%Infection rate/%
省（直辖市、自治区） Province (City, Autonomous Region)	上海Shanghai	1 260	14	1.11	14	0	0	0
	江苏Jiangsu	13 458	306	2.27	306	0	0	0
	浙江Zhejiang	7 000	32	0.46	32	0	0	0
	安徽Anhui	22 206	578	2.6	578	0	0	0
	福建Fujian	1 504	9	0.6	9	0	0	0
	江西Jiangxi	11 687	552	4.72	548	2	0.36	0.02
	湖北Hubei	31 560	815	2.58	781	0	0	0
	湖南Hunan	16 681	527	3.16	527	19	3.61	0.11
	广西Guangxi	1 022	7	0.68	7	0	0	0
	四川Sichuan	17 816	505	2.83	503	0	0	0
	云南Yunnan	5 777	507	8.78	496	0	0	0
	小计Subtotal	129 971	3 852	2.96	3 801	21	0.55	0.02
主要流行类型 Endemic types	垸外湖汊亚型 Subtype of fork-beach	13 519	519	3.84	516	1	0.19	0.01
	垸外洲滩亚型Subtype of islet without embankment	27 846	783	2.81	777	7	0.90	0.03
	垸外洲垸亚型Subtype of islet with embankment	10 010	489	4.89	489	11	2.25	0.11
	垸内亚型Subtype of inner embankment	14 040	626	4.46	597	2	0.34	0.01
	水网型Plain regions with waterway networks	9 171	97	1.06	97	0	0	0
	平坝亚型 Subtype of plateau	3 832	135	3.52	133	0	0	0
	高山峡谷亚型 Subtype of mountain	7 185	520	7.24	509	0	0	0
	丘陵亚型 Subtype of hill	44 368	683	1.53	683	0	0	0
	小计 Subtotal	129 971	3 852	2.96	3 801	21	0.55	0.02
年龄Age	6~	3 916	41	1.03	41	0	0	0
	10~	9 038	97	1.08	96	0	0	0
	20~	9 129	140	1.51	136	1	0.74	0.01
	30~	11 995	273	2.26	269	0	0	0
	40~	26 067	916	3.47	907	4	0.44	0.02
	50~	29 584	1 089	3.68	1 073	8	0.75	0.03
	≥60	40 242	1 296	3.25	1 279	8	0.63	0.02
	小计Subtotal	129 971	3 852	2.96	3 801	21	0.55	0.02
职业 Occupations	农民Farmers	99 201	3 042	3.06	3 007	15	0.50	0.02
职业 Occupations	渔船民Fishermen and boatmen	3 495	289	8.27	288	4	1.39	0.11
	学生Students	10 589	89	0.84	88	0	0	0
	民工Migrant workers	2 249	51	2.3	50	0	0	0
	退休人员Retired people	978	16	1.63	16	0	0	0
	家务及待业Houseworkers	1 683	27	1.6	27	0	0	0
	工人Workers	3 437	24	0.7	24	0	0	0
	商业服务Businessmen	871	15	1.72	15	0	0	0
	其他Others	7 468	299	4.01	286	2	0.70	0.03
	小计Subtotal	129 971	3 852	2.96	3 801	21	0.55	0.02

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

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省（直辖市、自治区） Province（City, Autonomous Region）	监测点数 No.surveillance sites	常住人口数 No.residents	历史累计钉螺面积/hm² Accumulated snail areas/hm²	当年现有钉螺面积/hm² Snail areas in 2016/hm²
上海Shanghai	8	32 684	16 329.23	0.29
江苏Jiangsu	64	280 888	141 893.20	201.03
浙江Zhejiang	55	137 852	64 454.02	2.36
安徽Anhui	51	118 923	135 336.86	2 628.96
福建Fujian	16	46 621	2 768.94	1.28
江西Jiangxi	39	70 851	216 261.06	2 741.63
湖北Hubei	65	87 237	394 693.76	3 080.01
湖南Hunan	41	59 349	569 075.08	4 601.29
广东Guangdong	13	38 782	10 061.95	0
广西Guangxi	19	53 170	2 103.06	1.79
四川Sichuan	63	159 888	28 308.66	131.87
云南Yunnan	18	43 555	15 027.31	95.85
重庆Chongqing	2	9 675	-	-
合计Total	454	1 139 475	1 596 313.13	13 486.35

项目 Items		IHA检查 IHA test			粪便检查Stool examination			流动人群居民感染率/% Infection rate/%
项目 Items		检查人数 No.examined	阳性数 No.positives	阳性率/% Positive rate/%	检查血清抗体阳性者数 No.examined	阳性数 No.positives	阳性率/% Positive rate/%	流动人群居民感染率/% Infection rate/%
省（直辖市、自治区） Province (City, Autonomous Region)	上海Shanghai	1 698	12	0.71	9	0	0	0
	江苏Jiangsu	14 018	95	0.68	95	0	0	0
	浙江Zhejiang	12 966	60	0.46	60	8	13.33	0.06
	安徽Anhui	10 041	156	1.55	155	0	0	0
	福建Fujian	3 067	1	0.03	1	0	0	0
	江西Jiangxi	7 705	100	1.30	98	0	0	0
	湖北Hubei	17 535	64	0.36	54	0	0	0
	湖南Hunan	8 653	196	2.27	190	1	0.53	0.01
	广东Guangzhou	1 920	1	0.05	1	0	0	0
	广西Guangxi	2 344	6	0.26	6	0	0	0
	四川Sichuan	12 991	197	1.52	195	0	0	0
	云南Yunnan	4 073	92	2.26	89	0	0	0
	重庆Chongqing	463	0	0	0	0	0	0
	小计Subtal	97 474	980	1.01	953	9	0.94	0.01
年龄Age	6~	452	1	0.22	1	0	0	0
	10~	5 639	33	0.59	33	0	0	0
	20~	22 139	155	0.70	149	3	2.01	0.01
	30~	20 574	136	0.66	133	0	0	0
	40~	24 585	300	1.22	292	4	0.94	0.02
	50~	14 602	215	1.47	208	2	0.96	0.01
	60~	9 483	140	1.48	137	0	0	0
	小计Subtotal	97 474	980	1.01	953	9	0.94	0.01
职业 Occupation	农民Farmers	21 050	306	1.45	300	0	0	0
职业 Occupation	渔船民Fishermen and boatmen	5 717	125	2.19	123	1	0.81	0.02
	学生Students	3 618	38	1.05	38	0	0	0
	民工Migrant workers	20 478	215	1.05	214	8	3.74	0.04
	退休人员Retired people	1 164	13	1.12	10	0	0	0
	家务及待业Houseworkers	1 755	6	0.34	6	0	0	0
	工人Workers	14 409	112	0.78	106	0	0	0
	商业服务Businessmen	5 623	42	0.75	41	0	0	0
	其他Others	23 660	123	0.52	115	0	0	0
	小计Subtotal	97 474	980	1.01	953	9	0.94	0.01

省（直辖市、自治区） Province（City, Autonomous Region）	调查面积/hm² Area surveyed /hm²	查出有螺面积/hm² Area with snails/hm²	调查框数 No.frames surveyed	有螺框数 No.frames with snails	捕获活螺数 No.living snails collected	活螺密度/只·(0.11m²)^-1 Density of living snails/只·(0.11m²)^-1	有螺框出现率/% Rate of frames with snails/%	新现有螺面积/hm² New areas with snails/hm²	复现有螺面积/hm² Areas with snail re-emergence/hm²
上海 Shanghai	16.88	0.35	15 789	447	693	0.043 9	2.83	0.16	0.02
江苏 Jiangsu	4 303.96	194.19	251 531	1 419	5 419	0.021 5	0.56	0	37.56
浙江 Zhejiang	5.97	0.01	9 350	4	11	0.001 2	0.04	0	0.01
安徽 Anhui	3 073.90	2 364.91	75 519	9 692	32 696	0.433 0	12.83	136.61	19.77
福建 Fujian	104.07	1.11	12 951	591	3 912	0.302 1	4.56	0	0.62
江西 Jiangxi	1 840.69	293.53	26 584	3 859	13 793	0.518 8	14.52	0	2.63
湖北 Hubei	5 954.84	2 119.81	176 021	25 889	74 504	0.423 3	14.71	0	0
湖南 Hunan	2 864.25	1 824.67	76 358	6 889	12 399	0.162 4	9.02	0	0
广东 Guangdong	29.09	0	9 506	0	0	0	0	0	0
广西 Guangxi	342.07	1.79	11 487	556	830	0.072 3	4.84	0	0.04
四川 Sichuan	2 005.65	122.42	248 228	17 822	66 783	0.269 0	7.18	0	21.83
云南 Yunnan	1 815.28	76.79	258 610	4 152	20 366	0.078 8	1.61	0	42.74
重庆 Chongqing	15.02	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
合计Total	22 371.69	6 999.57	1 171 934	71 320	231 406	0.197 5	6.09	136.77	125.22