Abstract: Objective To analyze the trend of visceral leishmaniasis incidence in China from 2004 to 2007. Methods Data of leishmaniasis in 2004-2007 were collected from the National Web-Based Infectious Diseases Report System, and statistically analyzed by using SPSS 12.0 software. Results A total of 1 334 leishmaniasis cases was reported in the 4 years. The three provinces （autonomous region） with higher incidence were Xinjiang （occupying 47.5% of the total, 633/1 334）, Gansu （33.2%, 443/1 334） and Sichuan （16.9%, 226/1 334）. Cases distributed in all age groups, with the highest incidence in the group of under 10-year-old （51.3%）. More cases occurred from March to August. Male to female ratio was 1.65 ∶ 1. The number of counties with leishmaniasis cases increased from 43 in 2004 to 64 in 2007. Conclusion The endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis shows an increasing trend.

Key words: Visceral leishmaniasis, Epidemic status, Distribution, China