Abstract: 【Abstract】 In 2006， there were 767 reported malaria cases in Jiangsu Province with an incidence of 1.07‰ and increased by 16.57% in comparison to the previous year. Positive rate of blood examination in local febrile patients was 0.08% （293/361 896） but 1.23% （251/204 40） in mobile population （P＜0.01）. Cases with relapses occupied 9.00% of the total. The density of Anopheles sinensis was 0.61 per net and increased by 110% more than the year 2005 （0.29/net）. It is indicated that the increase of A. sinensis density has been the main factor for malaria recurrence in the area north of Huaihe River in the Province.

Key words: Malaria, Epidemiology, Surveillance