Abstract: A survey of human Hymenolepis nana infection was made in Bachu, Miquan, Wushi and Yinitig county of Xinjiang, 1990.One pilot site was selected from each county according to topography and socio-economic status. Iodine direct smear and Kato-Katz thick smear were used for ova detection. Of 1709 persons from the sites under study, the overall infection rates were 9.2%, 1%, 1.6% and 3.3% respectively. Hymenolepis nana infection rate in the Urgur and Han in Bachu and Miquan county were 9.6%,6.3% and 1.4%,1.9%,respectively. The results showed that Hymenolepis nana infection has region-oriented distribution,and there was no difference in the infection rate between Urgur and Han in the same area, while the difference of infection in sex ratio between Urgur and Han was observed.Further study on the distribution, prevalence, socioeconomic factors and natural conditions related to Hymenolepis nana infection is deemed important for hymenolepia-sis control.