Abstract: This article reports on the role of Anopheles lesteri anthropophagus in malaria transmission and its distribution in Guangxi Autonomous Region from 1983 to 1986. A. lesteri anthropophagus was found in 251 pilot sites of 19 counties in a survey on 524 pilot sites of 21 counties. It was the predominant species in Secun Village of Huang-Jiang county and Ziqiu village of Loucheng county (55.1% and 51.5% of the total anopheline population).The positive sporozoite rate of A; lesteri anthropophagus was 0.3%(5/1585) and 0.3% (1/400) in Huangjiang county and Loucheng county. Its positive sporozoite rate and positive oocyst rate were 1.9%(1/54) and 0.4%(1/257) in Baibao brigade of Shan-gsi county respectively.The human blood indices (HBI) of A. lesteri anthropophagus, A. sinensis and A. minimus were 0.291-0.633, 0.0597-0.119 and 0.155, respectively (Table).The results show that A. lesteri anthpropohagus is the chief vector of malaria in the north of Guangxi, and plays an important role in the transmission of malaria there.