Abstract: Thirty-seven patients with advanced schistosomiasis were investigated by radioreno graphy. The results showed normal picture in 12 cases, among them 7 had splenomegaly and abnormal pattern in 25 cases showing various degree of damage in one kidney or both kidneys, among whom 17 had ascites. Abnormalities of radiorenogram occurred more frequently in patients with ascites than in those with enlargement of the spleen. It is suggested that ascites and oliguria in advanced schistosomiasis were related to the reduction of renal plasma flow, resulting in subsequent distrubance in renal function and haemodynamics.