Abstract: A systematic report on the course of schistosomiasis control in Nanzhang project area is presented. The authors pointed out that at the beginning of the campaign there was heavy infestation of snail in the area, there were large number of patients, feces was not properly disposed of, exposure was heavy and infections and superinfections were the chief menace to the population. The chief emphasis was therefore laid on snail eradication and curing of patients, supplemented by other measures such as sanitary disposal of feces, etc. After the snail density and the number of patients had decreased to a certain point, snail survey and case finding were stressed and treatment of the snail-lafested area and patients repeated as often as necessary. The process was carried on until complete eradication of the vector snail and cure of all infected individuals were achieved* At the same time surveillance measures were instituted to detect possible spread of the snail vector and/or "migration of infected individuals from other endemic areas.The antischistosomiasis work had gone through three phases in its course of fight against the disease, namely: the phase of preparation; the phase of combat and the phase of consolidation and winding-up.Evaluation of the results of control should be made from epidemiological point of view; the individual and population morbidity should serve as criteria for assessing the success of control of transmission. Information on the interrelationship between population morbidity and snail dynamics is also indispensable.Still, several years' surveillance would be required after the eradication of schisto-somiasis, to ensure and to verify that schistosomiasis in the area has been completely eliminated.