中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2017, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 542-548.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2016年全国血吸虫病监测点疫情分析

金嘉宁1, 党辉1, 张利娟1, 钱颖骏1, 吕山1, 李石柱1, 周晓农1, 孙军玲2, 许静1,*()   

  1. 中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,世界卫生组织热带病合作中心,科技部国家级热带病国际联合研究中心,卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,上海 200025
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-04 出版日期:2017-12-30 发布日期:2018-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 许静
  • 基金资助:
    上海市公共卫生第四轮三年行动计划(No.15GWZK0101);国家重点研发计划( No.2016YFC1202000, No.2016YFC1202001);国家自然科学青年基金(No.81301454)

Endemic situation at schistosomiasis surveillance sites in China in 2016

Jia-ning JIN, Hui DANG, Li-juan ZHANG, Ying-jun QIAN, Shan LV, Shi-zhu LI, Xiao-nong ZHOU, Jun-ling SUN, Jing XU*()   

  1. National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Received:2017-08-04 Online:2017-12-30 Published:2018-01-10
  • Contact: Jing XU
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the Fourth Round of Three-year Action Plan in Public Health of Shanghai(No.15GWZK0101);National Key Research and Development Project(No.2016YFC1202000, No.2016YFC1202001);National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81301454)

摘要:

目的 分析2016年全国血吸虫病监测点疫情,为科学评价血吸虫病防治效果提供参考。方法 按照《全国血吸虫病监测方案(2014版)》的要求,在全国13个省(直辖市、自治区)所有血吸虫病流行县(市、区)和三峡库区的潜在流行县(市、区)共设立454个国家级监测点,按照不同流行类型对当地常住居民、流动人群、家畜的日本血吸虫(Schistosoma japonicum)感染情况,钉螺分布及感染情况等进行监测,并对监测结果进行汇总和分析。结果 2016年,全国454个血吸虫病监测点共采用间接红细胞凝集试验(IHA)筛查本地居民129 971人,血清抗体阳性者3 852例,其中3 801例血清抗体阳性者接受了病原学检查,发现粪检阳性者21例(湖南省19例,江西省2例),居民血吸虫感染率为0.02%(21/129 971);血清学方法筛查流动人群共97 474人,血清抗体阳性者980例,其中953例血清抗体阳性者接受了病原学检查,发现粪检阳性者9例(浙江省8例,湖南省1例,均为输入性感染者),监测点流动人群血吸虫感染率为0.01%(9/97 474)。全国的监测点均无急性血吸虫病病例报告。监测点共检测家畜12 769头,发现血吸虫感染家畜(牛)1头。监测点累计调查钉螺面积22 371.69 hm2(1 hm2 = 10 000 m2),查出有螺面积6 999.57 hm2,其中新发现钉螺面积136.77 hm2,分布于安徽省和上海市;除湖北、湖南和广东省以外,其余各省监测点复现钉螺面积125.22 hm2,但均未发现感染性钉螺。结论 2016年全国血吸虫病疫情稳定,未发现急性感染病例和感染性钉螺,人、畜保持血吸虫低感染状态。局部新发现或复现钉螺。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 监测, 感染, 钉螺, 消除

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the endemic situation at the schistosomiasis surveillance sites in China in 2016, in order to provide scientific basis for evaluation of schistosomiasis control effect.Methods According to the National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Programme (version 2014), 454 national surveillance sites were selected in counties (cities or districts) with schistosomiasis prevalence and potential counties (cities or districts) with prevalence.Infections in residents, floating populations, domestic animals and Oncomelania snails were monitored and analyzed in four types of endemic counties.Results A total of 129 971 residents received indirect hemagglutination(IHA) test in 2016, of whom 3 852 showed positive results.Of them 3 801 received etiological test, 21(19 found in Hunan Province and 2 found in Jiangxi Province) showed infections in fecal samples, with an infection rate of 0.02% (21/129 971).Serological examination was also performed in 97 474 persons of the floating population, and 980 showed positive results.Of them 953 received etiological test, 9 (8 found in Zhejiang Province and 1 found in Hunan Province, all were imported cases) showed infections in fecal samples, with an infection rate of 0.01%(9/97 474).No acute schistosomiasis was reported in any surveillance site.In addition, 12 769 cattle received examinations and only 1 was positive for infection, with a cattle infection rate of 0.007 8%.The snail survey covered an area of 22 371.69 hm2 (1 hm2 = 10 000 m2) and snails were found in an area of 6 999.57 hm2, including a newly detected area of 136.77 hm2 distributed in Shanghai and Anhui Province.Snail re-emergence was detected in a total area of 125.22 hm2 in provinces other than Hunan, Hubei and Guangdong Provinces, but no schistosome infection was found in them.Conclusions There was a stable endemic situation in China in 2016.However, in some provinces snails still appeared for the first time or re-emergence was detected.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Surveillance, Infection rate, Snail, Elimination

中图分类号: