福建省部分地区鼠类巴贝虫感染调查与基因鉴定

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解福建省部分地区鼠类巴贝虫（Babesia）的感染状况以及基因特征。方法 2014-2015年采用笼日法在福建省邵武、清流、顺昌、永安、长乐和尤溪等6地捕鼠,现场鉴定鼠种,记录鼠类釆集时间、地点、鼠种、性别等资料。采集各鼠心脏血,采用PCR扩增巴贝虫18S rRNA片段,取阳性PCR产物送测序并进行序列比对分析,构建系统进化树分析同源性。PCR检测阳性率间的比较采用χ²检验或Fisher精确检验法。结果共捕获209只鼠,其中家鼠71只,野鼠138只。PCR检测结果显示,巴贝虫阳性率为9.6%（20/209）。家鼠的阳性率为2.8%（2/71）,其中褐家鼠（Rattus norvebicus）和黄胸鼠（R. flavipectus）各有1只阳性;野鼠的阳性率为13.0%（18/138）,其中大板齿鼠（Bandicota indica）、黄毛鼠（R. losea）、社鼠（R. confucianus）和针毛鼠（R. fulvescens）等4个鼠种的阳性数分别为13、1、2和2只;野鼠的阳性率高于家鼠（P < 0.05）。6地中,尤溪的鼠类阳性率最高,为14.9%（13/87）,其次为永安,阳性率为13.6%（3/22）,清流的鼠类未检出巴贝虫感染阳性。雄鼠的阳性率为7.9%（9/114）,雌鼠为11.6%（11/95）。成年鼠的阳性率最高,为10.4%（18/173）,其次为幼年鼠,阳性率为6.3%（2/32）,捕获的4只老年鼠均未检出巴贝虫感染阳性。不同地区、不同性别和不同鼠龄的巴贝虫阳性率差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。PCR阳性产物测序和同源性分析结果显示,样品序列相似性达100%。BLAST结果显示,血样感染的为田鼠巴贝虫（Babesia microti）。系统进化树结果显示,样品序列与源自浙江的田鼠巴贝虫的序列同源性（GenBank登录号：JQ609305）最高。结论福建省部分地区鼠类存在田鼠巴贝虫感染,野鼠的阳性率高于家鼠。

关键词: 田鼠巴贝虫, 鼠类, 基因特征, 福建

Abstract:

Objective To explore the status of Babesia infection in rodents and the genetic characteristics of Babesia spp. in Fujian Province. Methods Rodents were captured by the night trapping method in Shaowu, Qingliu, Shunchang, Yong’an, Changle and Youxi during 2014-2015. The rodent species was identified, and information on the time and place of capture, species and sex of rodents was recorded. Blood samples was collected, in which the fragment of 18S rRNA gene of Babesia spp. was amplified by PCR. The PCR products were sequenced and the phylogenetic tree was constructed for homology analysis. Data on positive rate were analyzed with Chi-square or Fisher exact test. Results Two hundred and nine rats were captured, comprising of 71 domestic and 138 wild rats. The overall positive rate was 9.6% （20/209）. The positive rate in domestic rats was 2.8% （2/71）, including one Rattus norvebicus and one Rattus flavipectus. The positive rate in wild rats was 13.0% （18/138）, including 13 Bandicota indica, one Rattus losea, 2 Rattus confucianus and 2 Rattus fulvescens. The positive rate was significantly higher in wild rats than in domestic rats （P < 0.05）. The Youxi region had the highest positive rate（14.9%, 13/87）, followed by Yong’an（13.6%, 3/22）, and no positive rat was found in Qingliu. The positive rate in the male rats was 7.9% （9/114）, and that in the females was 11.6% （11/95）. The positive rate was highest in adult rats （10.4%, 18/173）, followed by young ones （6.3%, 2/32）. No positive rat was found in old rats. There was no significant difference in positive rate among different regions, between male and female rats, or among different ages （P > 0.05）. The sequences of PCR products had a 100% homology. The BLAST results revealed the species to be Babesia microti. The phylogenetic tree showed that the sample sequence was the most homologous with Babesia microti from Zhejiang Province（GenBank Accession No: JQ609305）. Conclusion There occurs Babesia microti infection in rats in part areas of Fujian Province. The positive rate was higher in wild rats than in domestic rats.

Key words: Babesia microti, Rodent, Genetic identification, Fujian

中图分类号:

R382.9

肖方震, 彭秀卿, 徐国英, 陈阳, 林代华, 邓艳琴. 福建省部分地区鼠类巴贝虫感染调查与基因鉴定[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2017, 35(1): 63-67.

Fang-zhen XIAO, Xiu-qing Peng, Guo-ying XU, Yang CHEN, Dai-hua LIN, Yan-qin DENG. Investigation and genetic identification on Babesia infection in rodents in some areas of Fujian Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2017, 35(1): 63-67.

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参考文献 15

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鼠种 Species of rats		鼠数/只No. rodents						合计 Total
鼠种 Species of rats		尤溪 Youxi	顺昌 Shunchang	永安 Yong’an	长乐 Changle	清流 Qingliu	邵武 Shaowu	合计 Total
家鼠 Domestic rats	褐家鼠Rattus norvebicus	2	16	0	0	31	1	50
家鼠 Domestic rats	黄胸鼠R. flavipectus	0	11	0	0	8	0	19
	小家鼠Mus musculus	0	2	0	0	0	0	2
野鼠Wild rats	针毛鼠Niviventer fulvescens	19	0	12	0	0	1	32
	黄毛鼠R. losea	31	0	4	16	0	8	59
	大板齿鼠Bandicota indica	35	0	2	0	0	0	37
	社鼠R. confucianus	0	0	2	0	0	2	4
	青毛鼠R. bowersi	0	0	2	0	0	1	3
	黑线姬鼠Apodemus agrarius	0	0	0	0	0	2	2
	东方田鼠Microtus fortis	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
合计Total		87	29	22	16	39	16	209

动物种类 Different species of rats		检测数/只No. examined	阳性数/只 No. positives	阳性率/% Positive rate/%
家鼠 Domestic rats	褐家鼠 Rattus norvebicus	50	1	2.0
	黄胸鼠 R. flavipectus	19	1	-
	小家鼠 Mus musculus	2	0	0
小计Subtotal		71	2	2.8
野鼠 Wide rats	大板齿鼠 Bandicota indica	37	13	35.1
	黑线姬鼠 Apodemus agrarius	2	0	0
	黄毛鼠 R. losea	59	1	1.7
	东方田鼠 Microtus fortis	1	0	0
	青毛鼠 R. bowersi	3	0	0
	社鼠 R. confucianus	4	2	-
	针毛鼠 Niviventer fulvescens	32	2	6.3
小计Subtotal		138	18	13.0
合计Total		209	20	9.6