中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2008, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 9-285.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

西藏林芝地区墨脱县传疟媒介调查研究

潘嘉云1,武松 1,3,王学忠2,蒋伟康1,卓玛央金4,胡永红4,周水森1,次仁曲珍5,桑丹拉姆6,汤林华1 *
  

  1. 1 中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,世界卫生组织疟疾、血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心,上海 200025;2 云南省寄生虫病防治所,普洱665000;3 安徽中医学院中西医结合临床学院,合肥 230038;4 西藏林芝地区疾病预防控制中心,林芝 860100;5 西藏墨脱县卫生局,墨脱 860700;6 西藏墨脱县疾病预防控制中心,墨脱 860700
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-08-30 发布日期:2008-08-30

Investigation on Malaria Transmission Vectors in Motuo County,Tibet Autonomous Region

PAN Jia-yun1,WU Song1,3,WANG Xue-zhong2,JIANG Wei-kang1,ZHUOMA Yang-jin4,HU Yong-hong4,ZHOU Shui-sen1, CIREN-Quzheng5,SANGDAN-Lamu6,TANG Lin-hua1*
  

  1. 1 National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis,Shanghai 200025,China;2 Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Puer 665000,China;3 School of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine,Anhui College of Chinese Traditional Medicine,Hefei 230038,China;4 Linzhi Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Linzhi 860100,China;5 Motuo County Health Bureau,Motuo 860700,China;6 Motuo County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Motuo 860700,China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-08-30 Published:2008-08-30

摘要: 目的 调查西藏林芝地区墨脱县传疟媒介,为制定针对性防制措施提供依据。 方法 2007年7~8月在墨脱县选择3个疟疾发病率较高的自然村,采用通宵/半通宵室内、外人/牛饵帐诱捕法、通宵人/牛房诱蚊灯诱捕法和清晨人房搜捕法捕蚊,对捕获的按蚊进行形态学鉴定,并进行种群组成、密度、叮人率、吸血习性、栖息习性和经产蚊比率等观察;在不同的水体捞取按蚊幼虫,进行蚊种鉴定,调查按蚊幼虫孳生环境。 结果 共捕获按蚊5 345只,经形态鉴定,只发现伪威氏按蚊、威氏按蚊和带足按蚊等3种,其中伪威氏按蚊占94.71%(5 062/5 345),威氏按蚊与带足按蚊分别为2.39%(128/5 345)和2.90%(155/5 345)。伪威氏按蚊室内和室外的半通宵诱捕平均密度分别为17只/人和105只/人;全通宵室内和室外的人饵帐诱平均叮人率分别为15.80只/(人·夜)(79/5)和326.22只/(人·夜)(1 468/4.5);全通宵室外人、牛饵诱捕及人、牛房诱蚊灯灯诱,伪威氏按蚊趋吸人血与牛血的比率分别为30.51%(714/2 340)和69.49%(1 626/2 340)及32.02%(57/178)和67.98%(121/178),表明伪威氏按蚊偏吸牛血并兼吸人血;清晨人房搜捕,共捕获伪威氏按蚊7只,均为胃血未消化的饱血蚊;共捞获按蚊幼虫106条,其中伪威氏按蚊和威氏按蚊幼虫62条,带足按蚊幼虫44条,按蚊幼虫孳生的水体类型仅限于稻田。 结论 伪威氏按蚊具备在当地传播疟疾的媒介生物学条件。

关键词: 西藏墨脱县, 疟疾, 媒介调查, 多斑按蚊种团, 伪威氏按蚊, 威氏按蚊

Abstract: Objective To investigate the malaria transmission vectors in Motuo County of Linzhi Prefecture,Tibet. Methods Three natural villages with higher malaria incidence rate in Motuo County were selected for the study in July and August,2007. The anopheline mosquitoes were collected by overnight/semi-overnight trapping indoor and outdoor with human and cattle baits,overnight trapping with ovitrap lights in human dwellings and cowsheds,and by searching in human dwellings in the early morning. The mosquitoes collected were identified morphologically,and the group proportion,density,man-biting rate,blood preference,habits and multiparous ratios were observed. Mosquito larvae breeding place was surveyed,and species of the larvae were identified. Results A total of 5 345 anopheline mosquitoes were captured with 94.71%(5 062/5 345)of An. pseudowillmori,2.39%(128/5 345)of An.willmori and 2.90%(155/5 345)of An. peditaeniatus. The average density of An. pseudowillmori observed through semi-overnight trapping was 17/per person indoor and 105/per person outdoor. The average man-biting rate of An. pseudowillmori through overnight trapping was 15.80/per person(79/5)indoor and 326.22/per person(1 468/4.5)outdoor. The ratio of blood preference to human and cattle through overnight trapping outdoor were 30.51%(714/2 340)and 69.49%(1626/2 340)and 32.02%(57/178)and 67.98%(121/178) through overnight trapping with ovitrap lights respectively. It suggested that An. pseudowillmori feeding both of the human and cattle blood but preferred to cattle blood. Totally 7 An. pseudowillmori mosquitoes were found in the human dwellings in the early morning,and none of them has digested the engorged blood. The Anopheles larvae were only found in the rice field where 106 larvae were collected,including 62 An. pseudowillmori larvae,An. willmori larvae,and 44 An. peditaeniatus larvae. Conclusion An. pseudowillmori seems qualified as the vector biological perspectives for the local malaria transmission.

Key words: Tibet Autonomous Region, Motuo County, Malaria, Vector investigation, Anopheles maculatus group, An. pseudowillori, An. willmori