中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 91-97.doi: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2024.01.013

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市消除疟疾后输入性疟疾监测响应系统实施与成效分析

朱民1(), 张浩2, 吴立明2, 张宸罡1, 张耀光1, 王真瑜1, 陈健1, 吴寰宇1, 陈昕1,*()   

  1. 1 上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海市预防医学研究院,上海 200336
    2 上海市疾病预防控制局,上海 200115
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-20 修回日期:2023-09-11 出版日期:2024-02-28 发布日期:2024-03-12
  • 通讯作者: *陈昕(1969—),女,硕士,主任医师,从事卫生事业管理。E-mail:chenxin@scdc.sh.cn
  • 作者简介:朱民(1970—),女,硕士,主任医师,从事寄生虫病控制。E-mail:zhumin@scdc.sh.cn
  • 基金资助:
    上海市第五轮公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划重点学科项目(GWV-10.1-XK13)

Analysis on implementation and effectiveness of imported malaria surveillance-response system post-elimination in Shanghai

ZHU Min1(), ZHANG Hao2, WU Liming2, ZHANG Chengang1, ZHANG Yaoguang1, WANG Zhenyu1, CHEN Jian1, WU Huanyu1, CHEN Xin1,*()   

  1. 1 Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Shanghai Preventive Healthcare Research Institute, Shanghai 200336, China
    2 Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200115, China
  • Received:2023-07-20 Revised:2023-09-11 Online:2024-02-28 Published:2024-03-12
  • Contact: *E-mail: chenxin@scdc.sh.cn
  • Supported by:
    Fifth Round Three-Year Action Plan on Key Subject of Shanghai Public Health System Construction(GWV-10.1-XK13)

摘要:

目的 分析上海市消除疟疾后输入性疟疾监测响应系统的实施和工作成效,为持续维持消除疟疾状态、巩固消除疟疾成果提供科学依据。方法 系统收集上海市疟疾监测响应相关的活动方案及其记录,基于国家传染病报告信息管理系统和寄生虫病防治信息管理系统中2017—2022年疟疾病例个案信息,使用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 2017—2022年上海市共报告疟疾病例281例,包括上海市户籍47例(16.7%,47/281)、外省籍215例(76.5%,215/281)和外籍病例19例(6.8%,19/281),均有境外疟疾流行区旅居史。报告病例均为境外输入性病例,主要来自几内亚(17.4%,49/281)、尼日利亚(14.2%,40/281)、刚果民主共和国(12.1%,34/281)等非洲国家。报告病例以恶性疟(83.3%,234/281)为主,报告地区主要为金山区(15.7%,44/281)、浦东新区(14.9%,42/281)和闵行区(11.7%,33/281)。2017—2022年上海市共血检106 361人次,血检阳性率为3.3‰(353/106 361),被动监测、人群主动侦查和病例线索追踪的阳性率分别为3.6‰(350/97 917)、0.4‰(3/7 828)和0(0/616)。病例1 d内网络报告率和1 d内复核率均为100%(281/281),2 d内流行病学调查率为90.0%(253/281),3 d内疫点调查处置率为100%(179/179),1个月内风险评估率为100%(281/281)。病例从发病到确诊时间间隔中位数为2 d(四分位数P25P75:1 d,4 d)。共捕获传疟媒介按蚊2 126只,均为中华按蚊,主要分布于嘉定区(31.6%,672/2 126)、崇明区(24.9%,529/2 126)等郊区。结论 消除疟疾后上海市输入性疟疾监测响应系统运行良好,疫情处理规范、及时。

关键词: 疟疾, 消除, 监测响应, 上海

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the implementation and effectiveness of imported malaria surveillance-response system in Shanghai after malaria elimination, and to provide scientific basis for maintaining malaria post-elimination status and consolidating the achievements of malaria elimination. Methods The activity plan and records related to malaria surveillance-response in Shanghai were systematically collected and sorted. The data of individual malaria case in 2017—2022 from web-based National Information System for Infectious Disease surveillance and National Information System for Parasitic Diseases Control and Prevention were analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Results From 2017 to 2022, a total of 281 malaria cases were reported in Shanghai, including Shanghai nationality (16.7%, 47/281), other province nationality (76.5%, 215/281) and foreign nationality (6.8%, 19/281), all of them have the malaria-endemic areas traveling experiences. All reported cases were imported from abroad, the mainly infection sources were African countries, such as Guinea (17.4%, 49/281), Nigeria (14.2%, 40/281) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (12.1%, 34/281). The reported cases were mainly falciparum malaria (83.3%, 234/281) and mainly reported from Jinshan District (15.7%, 44/281), Pudong New Area (14.9%, 42/281) and Minhang District (11.7%, 33/281). A total of 106 361 blood tests were performed in Shanghai from 2017 to 2022, with a positive rate of 3.3‰ (353/106 361). The positive rates of passive case detection, proactive case detection and reactive case detection were 3.6‰ (350/97 917), 0.4‰ (3/7 828) and 0 (0/616), respectively. Malaria reported cases were mainly detected by passive monitoring (98.9%, 278/281). All cases were reported in 24 hours after diagnosis and checked in 1 day after reporting, the rate of individual cases epidemiological investigation within 2 days was 90.0% (253/281), all foci were investigated and disposed within 3 days, and all cases were assessed in one month without transmission risks. The median time from the illness onset to confirmed diagnosis was 2 d (P25, P75: 1 d, 4 d). A total of 2 126 Anopheles were captured, all of which were Anopheles sinensis. The mainly distribution areas were suburban districts such as Jiading District (31.6%, 672/2 126) and Chongming District (24.9%, 529/2 126). Conclusion The surveillance-response system of imported malaria was operated well in Shanghai after malaria elimination and the epidemic handling was standardized and timely.

Key words: Malaria, Eliminate, Surveillance and response, Shanghai

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